Potato production on wide beds: Impact on yield and selected soil physical characteristics
Potato production on wide beds: Impact on yield and selected soil physical characteristics
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宽床马铃薯生产：对产量和所选土壤物理特性的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
L. G. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Mundy;N. Creamer;C. Crozier;L. G. Wilson
在两行常规宽度的床上种植三行马铃薯提供了一种易于管理的方法来增加种子块数量，并具有增加块茎产量和提高块茎质量的潜力。 1996 年和 1997 年，在北卡罗来纳州东部的诺福克沙壤土和朴茨茅斯细沙壤土上，对宽床生产系统（在 1.9 m 平顶高架床上种植 3 行马铃薯）与传统脊式系统（在 96 cm 中心的陡坡山脊上种植 1 行马铃薯）进行了比较。测量了马铃薯植株的植株、叶面积指数约为 9 WAP、产量和质量。还测量了土壤温度、土壤湿度和圆锥指数（作为土壤渗透阻力的衡量标准），在季节初期，宽床比常规土坎更潮湿。在三项测试中的两项中，宽床中整个根部轮廓的圆锥指数更大。单个宽床西侧行在最低和最高温度之间的日土壤温度波动与常规田脊最相似，且比宽床中、东行波动更大。两个地点的宽床和常规垄之间的总产量和 A 级马铃薯产量没有显着差异。在一个地点，宽床中 B 级马铃薯的产量明显较低；宽床三行中，东行B级马铃薯产量明显较低。在三项试验之一中，传统田脊的绿色 A 级马铃薯百分比高于宽床。在北卡罗来纳州的条件下，改变生产系统对于大多数种植者来说是不可取的，因为宽床并不能增加产量，不足以证明花钱购买更多种子和更换设备是合理的。
Planting three rows of potatoes in a bed the width of two conventional rows offers an easily managed way to increase seed piece populations, with the potential of increasing tuber yield and enhancing tuber quality. A wide bed production system (3 rows of potatoes planted on a 1.9 m flat-topped raised bed) was compared to a conventional-ridged system (1 row of potatoes in sharply sloped ridges on 96 cm centers) in 1996 and 1997 on a Norfolk sandy loam soil and a Portsmouth fine sandy loam soil in eastern North Carolina. Potato plant stands, leaf area index at approximately 9 WAP, yield, and quality were measured. Soil temperature, soil moisture, and cone index, as a measure of soil penetration resistance, were also measured, wide beds were more moist than conventional ridges early in the season. Cone index was greater throughout the root profile in wide beds in two of three tests. The row on the west side of an individual wide bed was most similar to conventional ridges in daily soil temperature fluctuations between minimum and maximum temperatures, and had greater fluctuations than the middle and eastern rows of the wide bed. Total yield and yield of grade A potatoes were not significantly different between wide beds and conventional ridges at either site. At one site, yield of grade B potatoes was significantly less in the wide bed; among the three rows in the wide bed, the eastern row had significantly lower yield of grade B potatoes. Conventional ridges had a higher percent of green grade A potatoes than the wide beds in one of three trials. Under North Carolina conditions, changing production systems would be unadvisable for most growers because wide beds do not increase yield enough to justify spending the money for more seed and to change equipment.