Leaching behaviour of pharmaceuticals in soil-testing-systems: a part of an environmental risk assessment for groundwater protection.
Leaching behaviour of pharmaceuticals in soil-testing-systems: a part of an environmental risk assessment for groundwater protection.
复制标题
土壤测试系统中药物的浸出行为：地下水保护环境风险评估的一部分。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.02.004
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ternes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Oppel;G. Broll;D. Löffler;M. Meller;Jörg Römbke;T. Ternes
在不同土壤中测试了六种选定药物的浸出行为。浸出实验是环境风险评估的一部分，以估计这些药物在环境中的分布和归宿。根据这一评估的结果，对其在土壤中的流动性及其污染地下水的可能性进行了评价。在评估这些化合物的沥滤行为时，必须考虑到不同土壤的性质（例如粒度分布、pH值、Corg）的影响。试验结果表明，地西泮、布洛芬、伊维菌素和卡马西平的沥滤潜力较低。因此，如果地下水水位被足够的调查土壤层覆盖，这些物质污染地下水的可能性似乎不大。在实验条件下，氯贝酸和碘普罗胺具有很强的移动的性，因此，如果土壤暴露于这些药物，即废水灌溉，则可能污染地下水。这些结果或多或少与文献中发现的地下水监测数据一致，布洛芬和地西泮一般不存在于地下水中，而氯贝酸和碘普罗胺经常被检测到。然而，发现卡马西平的差异，因为它经常出现在地下水中。这种差异可能是因为沥滤试验是在土壤中进行的，而实际上地下水污染主要发生在河流沉积物和接收沃茨的下层土壤上。
The leaching behaviour of six selected pharmaceuticals was tested in different soils. Leaching experiments are a part of environmental risk assessment to estimate the distribution and fate of these pharmaceuticals in the environment. Based on the results of this assessment their mobility in soil and their potential to contaminate groundwater was evaluated. When assessing the leaching behaviour of these compounds, the influence of the properties (e.g. grain size distribution, pH, Corg) of different soils has to be taken into account. The test results indicated that the leaching potential found could be rated as low for diazepam, ibuprofen, ivermectin and carbamazepine. Therefore, contamination of the groundwater with these substances seems to be unlikely if the groundwater level is covered with sufficient layers of the soils investigated. Clofibric acid and iopromide were very mobile under the experimental conditions and thus, groundwater contamination would be possible if the soil is exposed to these pharmaceuticals, i.e. wastewater irrigation. These results are more or less in agreement with groundwater monitoring data found in the literature for ibuprofen and diazepam which were in general not present in groundwater, while clofibric acid and iopromide were frequently detected. However, a discrepancy was found for carbamazepine, since it occurs very often in groundwater. This discrepancy might be explained by the fact that the leaching tests were performed with soil, whereas in reality the groundwater contamination occurs mainly over river sediments and sub soil from receiving waters.