Estimation of loci involved in non-shattering of seeds in early rice domestication
Estimation of loci involved in non-shattering of seeds in early rice domestication
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DOI：
10.1007/s10709-017-9958-x
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Ishii, Takashige
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishikawa, Ryo;Nishimura, Akinori;Ishii, Takashige
水稻（Oryza sativa L.）被广泛种植在世界各地，并被认为是驯化从其野生形式，O。普通猪毛菜落粒损失是水稻驯化过程中选择的最明显的表型变化之一。在粳稻栽培稻中，有3个落粒位点qSH 1、sh4和qSH 3与水稻种子的不落粒有关。紫花苜蓿日本晴本研究主要研究了O.籼稻在qSH 1处具有功能性等位基因的IR36。以野生稻、普通野生稻和普通野生稻为遗传背景，通过回交获得了含有IR36染色体片段的重组自交系。普通草W630。进行了卵裂层形成的组织学和数量性状基因座分析。在数量性状基因座分析中，在sh4附近观察到一个强峰。然而，我们发现，尽管在sh4处携带IR 36等位基因，但一些品系仍显示出完整的落粒层形成，这意味着IR 36的种子不落粒可以通过sh4和其他种子落粒位点的突变的组合来调节。我们还对qSH3基因进行了基因分型，这是一个最近发现的种子破碎位点。在sh4和qSH 3处具有IR 36等位基因的株系表现出对分离层形成的抑制，但种子落粒的程度与IR 36不同。在此基础上，我们估计，早稻驯化过程中的不落粒现象至少涉及3个位点的突变，本研究所获得的遗传材料可能有助于鉴定新的落粒位点。
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is widely cultivated around the world and is known to be domesticated from its wild form, O. rufipogon. A loss of seed shattering is one of the most obvious phenotypic changes selected for during rice domestication. Previously, three seed-shattering loci, qSH1, sh4, and qSH3 were reported to be involved in non-shattering of seeds of Japonica-type cultivated rice, O. sativa cv. Nipponbare. In this study, we focused on non-shattering characteristics of O. sativa Indica cv. IR36 having functional allele at qSH1. We produced backcross recombinant inbred lines having chromosomal segments from IR36 in the genetic background of wild rice, O. rufipogon W630. Histological and quantitative trait loci analyses of abscission layer formation were conducted. In the analysis of quantitative trait loci, a strong peak was observed close to sh4. We, nevertheless, found that some lines showed complete abscission layer formation despite carrying the IR36 allele at sh4, implying that non-shattering of seeds of IR36 could be regulated by the combination of mutations at sh4 and other seed-shattering loci. We also genotyped qSH3, a recently identified seed-shattering locus. Lines that have the IR36 alleles at sh4 and qSH3 showed inhibition of abscission layer formation but the degree of seed shattering was different from that of IR36. On the basis of these results, we estimated that non-shattering of seeds in early rice domestication involved mutations in at least three loci, and these genetic materials produced in this study may help to identify novel seed-shattering loci.