Crosstalk of Signaling Mechanisms Involved in Host Defense and Symbiosis Against Microorganisms in Rice.
Crosstalk of Signaling Mechanisms Involved in Host Defense and Symbiosis Against Microorganisms in Rice.
复制标题
与大米中的微生物涉及宿主防御和共生的信号传导机制的串扰。
DOI：
10.2174/1389202917666160331201602
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kawano Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akamatsu A;Shimamoto K;Kawano Y
水稻是最重要的粮食作物之一，养活了世界上大约一半的人口。水稻病原菌对全球水稻生产造成巨大危害。在植物免疫研究中，对微生物相关分子模式（microbe-associated molecular pattern， MAMP）触发免疫的分子机制的理解近年来取得了相当大的进展。在过去的二十年里，利用基因组测序和分子技术，已经发现了许多新的MAMPs及其受体。值得注意的是，在水稻和拟南芥中，分别阐明了通过赖氨酸基序（LysM）结构域受体OsCERK1感知几丁质的机制，以及细菌通过富含亮氨酸重复序列（LRR）结构域受体FLS2和EFR感知MAMP（如flg22、elf18）的机制。在水稻几丁质信号传导中，OsCERK1的两个直接底物，Rac/ROP GTPase鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子OsRacGEF1和受体样细胞质激酶OsRLCK185，已被确定为OsCERK1复合物的组成部分，并在几丁质响应下被OsCERK1迅速磷酸化。有趣的是，OsCERK1还参与水稻丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的共生，并参与识别短几甲壳素分子（CO4/5），这是AMF萌发孢子分泌物中包含的共生特征，并由合成的独角麦内酯诱导。因此，OsCERK1对免疫和共生反应都有贡献。在这篇综述中，我们描述了最近的研究途径涉及水稻免疫和与微生物相互作用引发的共生信号。此外，我们还介绍了利用植物免疫受体和共生微生物进行基因工程增强水稻抗病性的最新进展。
Rice is one of the most important food crops, feeding about half population in the world. Rice pathogens cause enormous damage to rice production worldwide. In plant immunity research, considerable progress has recently been made in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-triggered immunity. Using genome sequencing and molecular techniques, a number of new MAMPs and their receptors have been identified in the past two decades. Notably, the mechanisms for chitin perception via the lysine motif (LysM) domain-containing receptor OsCERK1, as well as the mechanisms for bacterial MAMP (e.g. flg22, elf18) perception via the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain-containing receptors FLS2 and EFR, have been clarified in rice and Arabidopsis, respectively. In chitin signaling in rice, two direct substrates of OsCERK1, Rac/ROP GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factor OsRacGEF1 and receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase OsRLCK185, have been identified as components of the OsCERK1 complex and are rapidly phosphorylated by OsCERK1 in response to chitin. Interestingly, OsCERK1 also participates in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in rice and plays a role in the recognition of short-chitin molecules (CO4/5), which are symbiotic signatures included in AMF germinated spore exudates and induced by synthetic strigolactone. Thus, OsCERK1 contributes to both immunity and symbiotic responses. In this review, we describe recent studies on pathways involved in rice immunity and symbiotic signaling triggered by interactions with microorganisms. In addition, we describe recent advances in genetic engineering by using plant immune receptors and symbiotic microorganisms to enhance disease resistance of rice.