Personal reference in English
Personal reference in English
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个人英文参考资料
DOI：
10.1017/s0047404500012938
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
G. Murphy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Murphy
人称指称是指用一个短语来指出某人，如When did John eat the cookies？或者告诉埃尔伍德医生我要见他本文探讨了在特定情景下说话人如何选择指称表达的社会因素。研究人员进行了五个实验，向演讲者提供场景，并询问他们在这种情况下如何指代特定的人。结果表明，说话人对说话人与所指人、受话人与所指人、非参与者与所指人之间的亲密程度非常敏感。在较小的程度上，说话人和受话人之间的关系也影响指称表达的选择。这一结果可以用一种理论来解释，该理论认为说话者在选择这些术语时试图保留自己的面孔和说话者的面孔，因此他们会避免提及可能对面孔构成威胁的内容。这一理论可以与目前的宾语指称理论和称呼语选择理论相结合。（参考，地址，礼貌，个人参考）
ABSTRACT Personal reference is the use of an expression to pick out a person, as in When did John eat the cookies? or Tell Dr. Elwood that I need to see him. This article explores the social factors involved in how speakers choose a referring expression in a given situation. Five experiments were conducted which presented speakers with scenarios and asked them how they would refer to a particular person in that situation. The results showed that speakers were sensitive to the level of intimacy between the speaker and referent, between the addressee and referent, and between a nonparticipating audience and the referent. To a lesser degree, the relation between the speaker and the addressee also influenced choice of referring expression. The results can be explained by a theory that posits that speakers are attempting to preserve their faces and the faces of their addressees in choosing these terms, and so they avoid references that could be face threatening. This theory can be integrated with current theories of object reference and the choice of address terms. (Reference, address, politeness, personal reference)