Impaired motor learning and diffuse axonal damage in motor and visual systems of the rat following traumatic brain injury
Impaired motor learning and diffuse axonal damage in motor and visual systems of the rat following traumatic brain injury
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DOI：
10.1179/016164101101198334
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
McAllister, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, YC;Yao, B;McAllister, JP
认知运动功能或运动技能学习在人类创伤性脑损伤后受损。更全面地了解运动技能学习障碍的机制对于任何有效的康复都是必不可少的。本研究的具体目标是检查轻度至中度闭合性脑损伤成年大鼠的运动学习障碍及其与病理变化的关系。通过比较完成一系列复杂运动学习任务与简单运动活动的能力来确定运动学习缺陷。用银浸渍法测定神经元损伤程度。在所有损伤后时间点（第7天至第14天），观察到双杠穿越、脚放置、爬梯和爬绳的统计学显著缺陷。性能随着时间的推移而改善，但从未达到控制水平。相比之下，没有赤字被发现在简单的运动活动技能与平衡木平衡和跑道遍历测试。组织学上，轴突变性广泛分布于感觉运动皮质、胼胝体、纹状体、丘脑和小脑等与运动学习有关的脑区。此外，在主要视觉通路中观察到严重受损的轴突，包括视交叉、视束、外侧膝状体核和上级丘。这些结果表明，运动学习缺陷可以检测到在轻度或中度脑损伤，这种缺陷可能是由于弥漫性轴索损伤分布在运动和视觉系统。
Cognitive-motor functioning or motor skill learning is impaired in humans following traumatic brain injury. A more complete understanding of the mechanisms involved in disorders of motor skill learning is essential for any effective rehabilitation. The specific goals of this study were to examine motor learning disorders, and their relationship to pathological changes in adult rats with mild to moderate closed head injury. Motor learning deficits were determined by comparing the ability to complete a series of complex motor learning tasks with simple motor activity. The extent of neuronal damage was determined using silver impregnation. At all post-injury time points (day 7 to day 14) statistically significant deficits were observed in parallel bar traversing, foot placing, ladder climbing, and rope climbing. Performance improved with time, but never reached control levels. In contrast, no deficits were found in simple motor activity skills tested with beam balance and runway traverse. Histologically, axonal degeneration was widely distributed in several brain areas that relate to motor learning, including the while matter of sensorimotor cortex, corpus callosum, striatum, thalamus and cerebellum. Additionally, severely damaged axons were observed in the primary visual pathway, including the optic chiasm, optic tract, lateral geniculate nuclei, and superior colliculus. These findings suggest that motor learning deficits could be detected in mild or moderate brain injury, and this deficit could be attributed to a diffuse axonal injury distributed both in the motor and the visual systems.