Horizontal 'gene drives' harness indigenous bacteria for bioremediation.
Horizontal 'gene drives' harness indigenous bacteria for bioremediation.
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水平“基因驱动”利用本土细菌进行生物修复。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-72138-9
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Terry,Norman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
French,KatherineE;Zhou,Zhongrui;Terry,Norman
用于清理石油泄漏的工程细菌正在迅速发展，但面临监管障碍和环境问题。在这里，我们开发了一种新技术，通过向当地人口注入石油烃降解的分解代谢基因，利用本土土壤微生物群落进行生物修复。在大肠杆菌中过表达三种酶（almA、xylE、p450cam）可降解 60-99% 的目标碳氢化合物底物。交配实验、荧光显微镜和 TEM 表明本土细菌可以从大肠杆菌中获得这些载体。大肠杆菌通过多种水平基因转移（HGT）机制，包括通过纳米管的接合和细胞质交换。用E接种受石油污染的沉积物。大肠杆菌携带载体pSF-OXB15-p450cam融合表明E．大肠杆菌在五天后死亡，但多种细菌在接种后 60 多天内接受并携带该载体。 60天内，受污染土壤的总石油烃含量减少了46%。试点实验表明，媒介仅在选择压力下才会在土著群体中持续存在，当碳源被移除时媒介就会消失。这种修复方法可以激发本地细菌降解污染物，同时最大限度地减少对生态系统的干扰。
Engineering bacteria to clean-up oil spills is rapidly advancing but faces regulatory hurdles and environmental concerns. Here, we develop a new technology to harness indigenous soil microbial communities for bioremediation by flooding local populations with catabolic genes for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. Overexpressing three enzymes (almA, xylE, p450cam) inEscherichia coliled to degradation of 60–99% of target hydrocarbon substrates. Mating experiments, fluorescence microscopy and TEM revealed indigenous bacteria could obtain these vectors fromE. colithrough several mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), including conjugation and cytoplasmic exchange through nanotubes. Inoculating petroleum-polluted sediments withE. colicarrying the vector pSF-OXB15-p450camfusion showed that theE. colicells died after five days but a variety of bacteria received and carried the vector for over 60 days after inoculation. Within 60 days, the total petroleum hydrocarbon content of the polluted soil was reduced by 46%. Pilot experiments show that vectors only persist in indigenous populations when under selection pressure, disappearing when this carbon source is removed. This approach to remediation could prime indigenous bacteria for degrading pollutants while providing minimal ecosystem disturbance.