Physical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis
Physical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis
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DOI：
10.1097/00005768-200105000-00012
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Williams, PT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, PT
目的：体育活动的公共卫生政策假定通过增加最不活跃的人的体育活动来实现最大的健康效益。这一假设在很大程度上是基于对心肺适应性的研究。为了评估心肺健康研究是否与身体活动相关：指南，我们比较了已发表研究中心血管疾病终点与休闲时间身体活动和健康之间的剂量-反应关系。数据来源：23个特定性别的体育活动或健康队列（代表1,325,004人-年的随访）。引用于卫生局局长报告表4-1及表4-2。数据综合：当从最不适合或最活跃到最适合或最活跃排序时，相对风险被绘制为样本累积百分比的函数。为了结合研究结果，对16种体育活动或7个健身队列的相对风险进行加权平均计算，每5个百分位数为5%至100%。分析表明，冠心病或心血管疾病的风险随着体力活动百分位数的增加呈线性下降。相比之下，在适应度分布的第25个百分位数之前，风险急剧下降。这种下降的结果是，更多的体力活动或身体健康在风险降低方面存在显著差异（P小于或等于0.04）。结论：不健康是值得考虑的风险因素，与不运动明显不同。值得筛查和干预。在健康研究的基础上制定身体活动建议，可能会不恰当地降低身体健康作为一个风险因素的地位，同时夸大适量身体活动对公众健康的好处。
Objective: Public health policies for physical activity presume that the greatest health benefits are achieved by increasing physical activity among the least active. This presumption is based largely on studies of cardiorespiratory fitness. Tn assess whether studies of cardiorespiratory fitness are germane to physical activity :guidelines, we compared the dose-response relationships between cardiovascular disease endpoints with leisure-time physical activity and fitness from published studies. Data Sources: Twenty-three ses-specific cohorts of physical activity or fitness (representing 1,325,004 person-years of follow-lip. cited in Tables 4-1 and 4-2 of the Surgeon General's Report. Data Synthesis: Relative risks were plotted as a function of the cumulative percentages of the samples when ranked from least fit or active, to most fit or active. To combine study results, a weighted average of the relative risks over the 16 physical activity or seven fitness cohorts was computed at every 5th percentile between 5 and 100%. The analyses show that the risks of coronary heart disease or cardiovascular disease decrease linearly in association with increasing percentiles of physical activity. In contrast, there is a precipitous drop in risk occurring before the 25th percentile of the fitness distribution. As a consequence of this drop, then is a significant difference in the risk reduction associated with being more physically active or physically fit (P less than or equal to 0.04). Conclusions: Being unfit warrants consideration as a risk factor, distinctly from inactivity. and worthy of screening and intervention. Formulating physical activity recommendations oil the basis of fitness studies may inappropriately demote the status of physical fitness as a risk factor while exaggerating the public health benefits of moderate amounts of physical activity.