Cryo-EM of the injectisome and type III secretion systems.
Cryo-EM of the injectisome and type III secretion systems.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102403
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发表时间：
2022-08
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Marlovits, Thomas C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergeron, Julien R. C.;Marlovits, Thomas C.
双跨膜蛋白复合物，如T3 SS，长期以来一直是结构生物学的一个棘手的挑战。因此，直到几年前，我们对这种迷人的复合物的分子理解还局限于复合模型，由位于整个复合物中的孤立结构域的结构组成。大多数膜包埋组件仍然完全未表征。近年来，低温电子显微镜（cryo-EM）作为一种高分辨率蛋白质结构测定方法的出现，已经改变了我们理解这种复合物的结构及其底物转运机制的能力。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近的结构的各种T3 SS组件，确定由冷冻EM，并突出的复杂的区域，仍然是其特征。我们还讨论了最近的结构见解效应器通过T3 SS运输的机制。最后，我们强调仍有待解决的一些挑战。
Double-membrane-spanning protein complexes, such as the T3SS, had long presented an intractable challenge for structural biology. As a consequence, until a few years ago, our molecular understanding of this fascinating complex was limited to composite models, consisting of structures of isolated domains, positioned within the overall complex. Most of the membrane-embedded components remained completely uncharacterized. In recent years, the emergence of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) as a method for determining protein structures to high resolution, has be transformative to our capacity to understand the architecture of this complex, and its mechanism of substrate transport. In this review, we summarize the recent structures of the various T3SS components, determined by cryo-EM, and highlight the regions of the complex that remain to be characterized. We also discuss the recent structural insights into the mechanism of effector transport through the T3SS. Finally, we highlight some of the challenges that remain to be tackled.
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