Approach and avoidance strength during goal attainment:: Regulatory focus and the "goal looms larger" effect
Approach and avoidance strength during goal attainment:: Regulatory focus and the "goal looms larger" effect
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1115
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Idson, LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Förster, J;Higgins, ET;Idson, LC
三项研究测试了这一假设，即调节焦点作为一个慢性个人变量和一个被操纵的情境变量，随着参与者接近目标，对他们的方法和回避策略动机的强度产生不同的影响。在两项研究中，屈臂压力和伸臂压力分别作为接近强度和回避强度的在线测量。正如预测的那样，促进关注抱负和收获的参与者的方法梯度比关注预防责任和不损失的参与者更陡峭，而回避梯度则相反。在第三项研究中，在激励强度的持续性测量上也发现了同样的结果。专注于促进的参与者，当他们是接近目标的手段时，他们比当他们是回避手段时，在离目标更近的字谜上工作的时间更长，而对于注重预防的参与者来说，情况正好相反。
Three studies tested the hypothesis that regulatory focus, both as a chronic person variable and as a manipulated situational variable, differentially affects the strength of participants' approach and avoidance strategic motivations as they get closer to the goal. In 2 studies', flexion and extension arm pressure were used as on-line measures of approach and avoidance intensity, respectively. As predicted, the approach gradient was steeper for participants with a promotion focus on aspirations and gains than for participants with a prevention focus on responsibilities and nonlosses, whereas the reverse was true for the avoidance gradient. In a third study, the same pattern of results was found on a persistence measure of motivational strength. Participants with a promotion focus worked longer on anagrams closer to the goal when they were approach means for goal attainment than when they were avoidance means, whereas the reverse was true for participants with a prevention focus.