Age and verbal fluency: the mediating effect of speed of processing.
Age and verbal fluency: the mediating effect of speed of processing.
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DOI：
10.5770/cgj.v14i3.17
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sharratt MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elgamal SA;Roy EA;Sharratt MT
认知衰退是正常衰老的一种功能，然而，年龄对不同领域的影响是不同的。这项研究考察了年龄对语言流利性的影响，并展示了与年轻人相比，处理速度如何改善健康老年人的流利性表现。本研究采用受控口语词汇联想测验、全国成人阅读测验和加工速度综合评分表，对62名青年(17-40岁)、30名中年(41-59岁)和38名老年人(60-78岁)进行了研究。本研究考察了在控制加工速度和智商前后年龄对流利性的影响。在动物类别的类别流畅性(p<；.001)和加工速度综合分数(p<；.001)方面，年轻组的表现好于老年组。然而，在全国成人阅读测试(p<；.05)和在控制处理速度下降(p<；.05)的字母流利性方面，老年组的表现优于年轻组(p<；.05)。在老年人中，加工速度对类别和字母流利性都有显著影响(p<；.01)。这项研究表明，衰老对某些但不是所有认知领域都有不利影响，与年龄相关的处理速度下降有助于与年龄相关的流利性变化。
Cognitive decline is a function of normal aging; however, the effect of age on various domains is differential. This study examined the effect of age on verbal fluency and showed how speed of processing modifies fluency performance in healthy older adults compared to younger individuals. Three age groups, 62 young (17–40 years), 30 middle-aged (41–59 years), and 38 older adults (60–78 years), were studied using the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, National Adult Reading Test, and speed-of-processing composite score. The study examined the effect of age on fluency before and after controlling for processing speed and intelligence quotient. The young group performed better than the older group on category fluency as measured by animal category (p < .001) and on processing speed composite score (p < .001). However, the older group performed better than the young group on the National Adult Reading Test (p < .05) and on letter fluency after controlling for the decline in processing speed (p < .05). Processing speed had a significant effect on both category and letter fluency (p < .01) in older adults. This study suggests that aging adversely affects some but not all cognitive domains and that age-related decline in processing speed contributes to age-related changes in fluency.