Mechanical, hormonal and metabolic influences on blood vessels, blood flow and bone.
Mechanical, hormonal and metabolic influences on blood vessels, blood flow and bone.
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DOI：
10.1530/joe-16-0666
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Prisby RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prisby RD
由于骨血管在骨和骨髓功能中起着不同的作用，骨组织具有高度的血管化。例如，血管系统对骨的发育、维护和修复至关重要，并为骨重建提供氧气、营养物质、废物消除、系统激素和前体细胞。此外，骨血管是血液和免疫细胞进出骨髓的通道。越来越清楚的是，血管和骨骼系统在代谢调节以及生理和病理过程中密切相关。本文综述了机械负荷、甲状旁腺激素、雌激素、维生素D和降钙素等都被认为是骨合成代谢的物质是如何对骨血管产生巨大影响的。事实上，这些制剂在撞击骨骼之前会影响骨血管。此外，数据显示骨血管的血管扩张剂能力和骨小梁体积之间有很强的相关性，而雌激素状况与子宫质量和骨小梁体积之间的相关性较差。此外，该综述还强调了骨微循环，特别是血管内皮细胞和NO介导的信号，在调节骨血流量、骨间质液体流量和压力以及骨细胞旁分泌信号中的重要性。最后，认为血管内皮细胞是骨健康和疾病的介体。
Bone tissue is highly vascularized due to the various roles bone blood vessels play in bone and bone marrow function. For example, the vascular system is critical for bone development, maintenance and repair, and provides O2, nutrients, waste elimination, systemic hormones, and precursor cells for bone remodeling. Further, bone blood vessels serve as egress and ingress routes for blood and immune cells to and from the bone marrow. It is becoming increasingly clear that the vascular and skeletal systems are intimately linked in metabolic regulation and physiological and pathological processes. This review examines how agents such as mechanical loading, parathyroid hormone, estrogen, vitamin D and calcitonin, all considered anabolic for bone, have tremendous impacts on the bone vasculature. In fact, these agents influence bone blood vessels prior to impacting bone. Further, data reveal strong associations between vasodilator capacity of bone blood vessels and trabecular bone volume, and poor associations between estrogen status and uterine mass and trabecular bone volume. Additionally, this review highlights the importance of the bone microcirculation, particularly the vascular endothelium and NO-mediated signaling, in the regulation of bone blood flow, bone interstitial fluid flow and pressure, and the paracrine signaling of bone cells. Finally, the vascular endothelium as a mediator of bone health and disease is considered.