Optimisation of Urban-Rural Nature-Based Solutions for Integrated Catchment Water Management
Optimisation of Urban-Rural Nature-Based Solutions for Integrated Catchment Water Management
复制标题
基于自然的城乡流域水综合管理解决方案的优化
DOI：
10.1002/essoar.10511984.1
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu L
基于自然的城乡解决方案（NBS）对于水资源供应、水质和洪水管理具有协同效益。寻找最佳的城乡一体化 NBS 规划以最大化这些共同效益对于流域规模的水资源管理非常重要。本研究开发了国家统计局城乡一体化规划优化框架。在此框架中，开发了 CatchWat-SD 模型来模拟英国诺福克地区的多流域综合水循环。三个农村（径流衰减特征、再生农业、洪泛区）和两个城市（城市绿地、人工废水湿地）国家统计局干预措施以一系列实施规模纳入该模型。制定了具有七个水管理目标的多目标优化问题，以考虑流量、质量和成本指标，并采用 NSGAII 算法来搜索最优 NBS 组合。结果表明，农村国家统计局对整个流域的影响更加显着，并且随着实施规模的扩大而增加。城乡国家统计局综合规划可以同时改善水资源供应、水质和洪水管理，但不同目标之间存在权衡。径流衰减特征和洪泛区为水的可用性提供了最大的好处。虽然再生农业对于水质和洪水管理最有效，但由于它在土壤中保留了更多的水，它使可用水量减少了 15%。减少磷含量的最佳方法是扩大城市绿地，以减少合并下水道系统的负荷，尽管这会影响水的可用性、洪水、氮和悬浮固体。所提出的框架能够实现 NBS 的空间优先级，这最终可能指导多利益相关者的决策。
Urban-rural nature-based solutions (NBS) have co-benefits for water availability, water quality, and flood management. Searching for optimal integrated urban-rural NBS planning to maximise these co-benefits is important for catchment scale water management. This study develops an integrated urban-rural NBS planning optimisation framework. In this framework, the CatchWat-SD model is developed to simulate a multi-catchment integrated water cycle in the Norfolk region, UK. Three rural (runoff attenuation features, regenerative farming, floodplain) and two urban (urban green space, constructed wastewater wetlands) NBS interventions are integrated into the model at a range of implementation scales. A many-objective optimization problem with seven water management objectives to account for flow, quality and cost indicators is formulated, and the NSGAII algorithm is adopted to search for optimal NBS portfolios. Results show that rural NBS have more significant impacts across the catchment, which increase with the scale of implementation. Integrated urban-rural NBS planning can improve water availability, water quality, and flood management simultaneously, though trade-offs exist between different objectives. Runoff attenuation features and floodplains provide the greatest benefits for water availability. While regenerative farming is most effective for water quality and flood management, though it decreases water availability by up to 15% because it retains more water in the soil. Phosphorus levls are best reduced by expansion of urban green space to decrease loading on combined sewer systems, though this trades off against water availability, flood, nitrogen and suspended solids. The proposed framework enables spatial prioritisation of NBS, which may ultimately guide multi-stakeholder decision-making.