Understanding the Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs through Their Higher-Order Structures.
Understanding the Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs through Their Higher-Order Structures.
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通过长链非编码 RNA 的高阶结构了解其功能
DOI：
10.3390/ijms17050702
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发表时间：
2016-05-17
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Luo Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li R;Zhu H;Luo Y
虽然在真核生物中发现了数千种长链非编码RNA（lncRNA），但由于对lncRNA结构的了解不足，很少有分子机制被表征。因此，lncRNA结构的研究和随后的调控机制的阐明是迫切需要的。然而，由于lncRNA是高分子量分子，这使得它们的结晶困难，获得有关其结构的信息极具挑战性，迄今为止仅确定了几种lncRNA的结构。本文综述了近年来在动物和植物界广泛研究的lncRNA的结构与功能关系，重点介绍了用于RNA结构研究的体外和体内技术的原理和应用，包括硫酸二甲酯测序（DMS-seq）、选择性2′-羟基酰化的引物延伸测序RNA结构的平行分析（PARS）和片段化测序（FragSeq）。本文旨在通过对lncRNA结构的研究，进一步了解lncRNA的生物学功能。
Although thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered in eukaryotes, very few molecular mechanisms have been characterized due to an insufficient understanding of lncRNA structure. Therefore, investigations of lncRNA structure and subsequent elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms are urgently needed. However, since lncRNA are high molecular weight molecules, which makes their crystallization difficult, obtaining information about their structure is extremely challenging, and the structures of only several lncRNAs have been determined so far. Here, we review the structure–function relationships of the widely studied lncRNAs found in the animal and plant kingdoms, focusing on the principles and applications of both in vitro and in vivo technologies for the study of RNA structures, including dimethyl sulfate-sequencing (DMS-seq), selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension-sequencing (SHAPE-seq), parallel analysis of RNA structure (PARS), and fragmentation sequencing (FragSeq). The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding of lncRNA biological functions by studying them at the structural level.