Deep XMM-Newton observations of the northern disc of M 31

Deep XMM-Newton observations of the northern disc of M 31
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M 31 北盘的深部 XMM-牛顿观测

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201833588
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Kavanagh
Kavanagh
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sasaki;Haberl;Saeedi;Williams;Plucinsky;Hatzidimitriou;Karampelas;Sokolovsky;Breitschwerdt;de Avillez;Filipovic;Galvin;Kavanagh

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语境。我们用 XMM-Newton 对 M 31 恒星形成北环中的两个场进行了新的观测,每个场都包含两次曝光,每次曝光时间约为 100 ks。之前对整个 M 31 星系进行的 XMM-Newton 调查显示,这些区域存在扩展的漫射 X 射线发射。我们通过编制灵敏度极限为~7 × 1034erg s−1(0.5–2.0 keV)的完整X射线源列表来研究M 31北盘中的X射线源群体,并改进X射线源的识别。观测计划的主要目标是研究 M 31 中星际介质 (ISM) 的热相。漫发射分析和 ISM 的研究在另一篇论文中介绍。方法。如果统计数据足够高,我们会使用硬度比和光谱分析所有检测到的源的光谱特性。我们还检查了变异性。为了对新的深层XMM-牛顿观测中检测到的源进行分类,我们将源列表与钱德拉X射线天文台和哈勃太空望远镜(全色哈勃仙女座金库,PHAT)进行的M 31北盘新调查的源目录以及其他现有目录进行交叉关联。结果。我们在 XMM-Newton 观测到的 M 31 北盘的两个视场中总共检测到了 389 个源。我们确定了 43 位前景明星和候选者以及 50 位背景来源。根据与 Chandra/PHAT 调查结果的比较,我们将 24 个硬 X 射线源分类为 X 射线双星的新候选者。我们总共确定了 34 个 X 射线双星和候选星以及 18 个超新星遗迹 (SNR) 和候选星。我们研究了四个最亮的 SNR 的光谱特性,并确认了五个新的 X 射线 SNR。对其进行光谱分析的四个 SNR 中的三个显示发射主要低于 2 keV,这与冲击 ISM 一致。其中两个的光谱还需要具有更高温度的附加组件。 SNR [SPH11] 1535 的光谱较硬,可能表明 SNR 内存在脉冲星风星云。对于观测场中的所有 SNR,我们测量了 X 射线通量或计算了上限。我们还对 X 射线源进行了短期和长期变异性研究,发现五个新源显示出明显的变异性。此外,我们还研究了瞬态源 SWIFT J004420.1+413702 的光谱特性,其显示了七个月期间(2015 年 6 月至 2016 年 1 月)内通量的显着变化以及相关的吸收变化。根据钱德拉/PHAT 勘测中检测到的可能的光学对应物,该源被归类为低质量 X 射线双星。
Context. We carried out new observations of two fields in the star-forming northern ring of M 31 withXMM-Newtonwith each one of them consisting of two exposures of about 100 ks each. A previousXMM-Newtonsurvey of the entire M 31 galaxy revealed extended diffuse X-ray emission in these regions.Aims. We study the population of X-ray sources in the northern disc of M 31 by compiling a complete list of X-ray sources down to a sensitivity limit of ∼7 × 1034erg s−1(0.5–2.0 keV) and improve the identification of the X-ray sources. The major objective of the observing programme was the study of the hot phase of the interstellar medium (ISM) in M 31. The analysis of the diffuse emission and the study of the ISM is presented in a separate paper.Methods. We analysed the spectral properties of all detected sources using hardness ratios and spectra if the statistics were high enough. We also checked for variability. In order to classify the sources detected in the new deepXMM-Newtonobservations, we cross-correlated the source list with the source catalogue of a new survey of the northern disc of M 31 carried out with theChandraX-ray Observatory and theHubbleSpace Telescope (PanchromaticHubbleAndromeda Treasury, PHAT) as well as with other existing catalogues.Results. We detected a total of 389 sources in the two fields of the northern disc of M 31 observed withXMM-Newton. We identified 43 foreground stars and candidates and 50 background sources. Based on a comparison with the results of theChandra/PHAT survey, we classify 24 hard X-ray sources as new candidates for X-ray binaries. In total, we identified 34 X-ray binaries and candidates and 18 supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidates. We studied the spectral properties of the four brightest SNRs and confirmed five new X-ray SNRs. Three of the four SNRs, for which a spectral analysis was performed, show emission mainly below 2 keV, which is consistent with shocked ISM. The spectra of two of them also require an additional component with a higher temperature. The SNR [SPH11] 1535 has a harder spectrum and might suggest that there is a pulsar-wind nebula inside the SNR. For all SNRs in the observed fields, we measured the X-ray flux or calculated upper limits. We also carried out short-term and long-term variability studies of the X-ray sources and found five new sources showing clear variability. In addition, we studied the spectral properties of the transient source SWIFT J004420.1+413702, which shows significant variation in flux over a period of seven months (June 2015 to January 2016) and associated change in absorption. Based on the likely optical counterpart detected in theChandra/PHAT survey, the source is classified as a low-mass X-ray binary.
对 M31 球状星团中三个明亮 X 射线源(包括一个新黑洞候选者)的新 XMM-牛顿分析
DOI: --
发表时间: 2008
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Robin Barnard;H. Stiele;D. Hatzidimitriou;A. Kong;B. Williams;W. Pietsch;U. Kolb;F. Haberl;G. Sala
通讯作者: G. Sala
使用 Chandra HRC-I 对 M 31 中心场进行 X 射线源变异性研究
DOI: --
发表时间: 2013
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
F. Hofmann;W. Pietsch;M. Henze;F. Haberl;R. Sturm;M. Valle;D. Hartmann;D. Hatzidimitriou
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与钱德拉一起发现 M31 中空间分辨的超新星遗迹
DOI: --
发表时间: 2002
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
A. Kong;Michael R. Garcia;F. Primini;S. Murray
通讯作者: S. Murray
钱德拉和 XMM-牛顿确定的 50 个 M31 黑洞候选者
DOI: --
发表时间: 2014
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
R. Barnard;Michael R. Garcia;F. Primini;S. Murray;S. Murray
通讯作者: S. Murray
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2016
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影响因子: --
作者:
T. Maccarone;M. Yukita;A. Hornschemeier;B. Lehmer;V. Antoniou;A. Ptak;D. Wik;A. Zezas;P. Boyd;J. Kennea;K. Page;M. Eracleous;B. Williams;S. Boggs;F. Christensen;W. Craig;C. Hailey;F. Harrison;D. Stern;Will Zhang
通讯作者: Will Zhang