Deep XMM-Newton observations of the northern disc of M 31
Deep XMM-Newton observations of the northern disc of M 31
复制标题
M 31 北盘的深部 XMM-牛顿观测
DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201833588
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Kavanagh
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sasaki;Haberl;Saeedi;Williams;Plucinsky;Hatzidimitriou;Karampelas;Sokolovsky;Breitschwerdt;de Avillez;Filipovic;Galvin;Kavanagh
Context. We carried out new observations of two fields in the star-forming northern ring of M 31 withXMM-Newtonwith each one of them consisting of two exposures of about 100 ks each. A previousXMM-Newtonsurvey of the entire M 31 galaxy revealed extended diffuse X-ray emission in these regions.Aims. We study the population of X-ray sources in the northern disc of M 31 by compiling a complete list of X-ray sources down to a sensitivity limit of ∼7 × 1034erg s−1(0.5–2.0 keV) and improve the identification of the X-ray sources. The major objective of the observing programme was the study of the hot phase of the interstellar medium (ISM) in M 31. The analysis of the diffuse emission and the study of the ISM is presented in a separate paper.Methods. We analysed the spectral properties of all detected sources using hardness ratios and spectra if the statistics were high enough. We also checked for variability. In order to classify the sources detected in the new deepXMM-Newtonobservations, we cross-correlated the source list with the source catalogue of a new survey of the northern disc of M 31 carried out with theChandraX-ray Observatory and theHubbleSpace Telescope (PanchromaticHubbleAndromeda Treasury, PHAT) as well as with other existing catalogues.Results. We detected a total of 389 sources in the two fields of the northern disc of M 31 observed withXMM-Newton. We identified 43 foreground stars and candidates and 50 background sources. Based on a comparison with the results of theChandra/PHAT survey, we classify 24 hard X-ray sources as new candidates for X-ray binaries. In total, we identified 34 X-ray binaries and candidates and 18 supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidates. We studied the spectral properties of the four brightest SNRs and confirmed five new X-ray SNRs. Three of the four SNRs, for which a spectral analysis was performed, show emission mainly below 2 keV, which is consistent with shocked ISM. The spectra of two of them also require an additional component with a higher temperature. The SNR [SPH11] 1535 has a harder spectrum and might suggest that there is a pulsar-wind nebula inside the SNR. For all SNRs in the observed fields, we measured the X-ray flux or calculated upper limits. We also carried out short-term and long-term variability studies of the X-ray sources and found five new sources showing clear variability. In addition, we studied the spectral properties of the transient source SWIFT J004420.1+413702, which shows significant variation in flux over a period of seven months (June 2015 to January 2016) and associated change in absorption. Based on the likely optical counterpart detected in theChandra/PHAT survey, the source is classified as a low-mass X-ray binary.
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DOI:
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发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Robin Barnard;H. Stiele;D. Hatzidimitriou;A. Kong;B. Williams;W. Pietsch;U. Kolb;F. Haberl;G. Sala
通讯作者:
G. Sala
DOI:
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发表时间:
2013
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影响因子:
--
作者:
F. Hofmann;W. Pietsch;M. Henze;F. Haberl;R. Sturm;M. Valle;D. Hartmann;D. Hatzidimitriou
通讯作者:
D. Hatzidimitriou
DOI:
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发表时间:
2002
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
A. Kong;Michael R. Garcia;F. Primini;S. Murray
通讯作者:
S. Murray
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
R. Barnard;Michael R. Garcia;F. Primini;S. Murray;S. Murray
通讯作者:
S. Murray
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
T. Maccarone;M. Yukita;A. Hornschemeier;B. Lehmer;V. Antoniou;A. Ptak;D. Wik;A. Zezas;P. Boyd;J. Kennea;K. Page;M. Eracleous;B. Williams;S. Boggs;F. Christensen;W. Craig;C. Hailey;F. Harrison;D. Stern;Will Zhang
通讯作者:
Will Zhang