Expansion of landing areas on the Venus surface using resonant orbits in the Venera-D project
Expansion of landing areas on the Venus surface using resonant orbits in the Venera-D project
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actaastro.2022.03.014
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发表时间：
2022-06-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Nazirov, Ravil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eismont, Natan;Zubko, Vladislav;Nazirov, Ravil
确定金星表面可到达的着陆点的问题是旨在使用着陆器探索金星的Venera-D项目的重要组成部分。这个问题的出现是由于下降模块无法在金星表面的任何一点着陆，因为发射窗口的持续时间很短（距离最佳发射日期约2周），以及对最大允许过载的限制。影响可到达着陆点减少的另一个因素是金星的低角速度？自己的旋转。本研究提出了一种新的方法来扩大可达着陆区。该方法基于使用金星的引力场将航天器转移到与金星轨道共振的轨道，周期比为1：1。所有的模拟都是在补丁圆锥近似下进行的。作为一个例子，我们考虑在2029年或2031年发射时飞往金星。在这两种情况下，都绘制了金星表面可着陆区域的地图。已经证明，在发射窗口内总是至少有一个发射日期，使航天器能够到达金星表面的几乎任何一点。它表明，所提出的方法的应用程序使得有可能实现可达到的着陆区域（超过70%的表面）的显着扩展，并在某些情况下，提供访问金星表面上的任何点。然而，这种优势的代价是飞行时间增加了一个金星年。
A problem of determining attainable landing sites on the surface of Venus is an essential part of the Venera-D project aimed to explore the planet using a lander. This problem appears due to the inability for the descent module to land at any point on the surface of Venus because of the short duration of the launch window (about 2 weeks from the optimal launch date), as well as restrictions on the maximum permissible overload. An additional factor affecting the reduction of attainable landing sites is the low angular velocity of Venus??? own rotation. This study proposes a new approach to expand the attainable landing areas. The approach is based on the use of the gravitational field of Venus to transfer the spacecraft to an orbit resonant to the Venusian one with a ratio of periods of 1:1. All the simulations were performed at the patched conic approximation. As an example, we considered a flight to Venus at launch in 2029 or 2031. For both cases maps of attainable landing areas on the Venus surface were plotted. It has been demonstrated that there is always at least one launch date within the launch window allowing the spacecraft to reach almost any point on the surface of Venus. It is shown that the application of the proposed approach makes it possible to achieve a significant expansion of the attainable landing areas (over 70% of the surface) and, in some cases, provide access to any point on the surface of Venus. However, the price of this advantage is an increase in the flight duration by one Venusian year.