Using a Value Chain Approach to Map the Pig Production System in Rwanda, Its Governance, and Sanitary Risks.
Using a Value Chain Approach to Map the Pig Production System in Rwanda, Its Governance, and Sanitary Risks.
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DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2021.720553
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Fèvre EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shyaka A;Quinnell RJ;Rujeni N;Fèvre EM
由于当地和区域需求的增长，卢旺达的养猪业增长迅速，预计将继续扩张。我们进行了价值链分析，以确定卢旺达生猪和猪肉的流动情况以及相关各方的作用，并了解价值链中的治理和卫生风险。通过焦点小组讨论和与农民、经纪人、屠夫、屠宰场经理和兽医的关键线人访谈收集了横断面定性数据。收集的数据涉及生猪生产方法和投入、生猪和屠宰猪的来源和目的地、增值基础设施（屠宰场和加工厂）、参与人员及其相互作用、治理和挑战。卢旺达的养猪业主要由小农经营，主要是作为补充收入来源，其次是用作肥料。还确定了新兴的中型和大型养猪场，主要位于城市地区周围。生猪市场是允许各种行为者买卖生猪的主要机制。经纪人在生猪交易中发挥着重要作用：他们是市场定价、检查生猪疾病、组织屠宰场和出口生猪供应的关键。只查明了几个正规的屠宰场，它们主要向基加利的猪肉加工厂供应猪肉和/或向客户出口。当地消费者依赖农场或酒吧/餐馆后院的非正式屠宰，并接受不定期的兽医检查。正式的屠宰场有一名兽医检查员在场，但注意到缺乏记录。已查明的卫生风险是整个供应链缺乏生物安全，屠宰场卫生条件差。在猪市场进行舌触诊以确定囊虫病感染，但囊虫阳性猪没有被销毁，而是在同一市场以低价出售或随后由所有者非正式出售。农场几乎没有兽医，大多数服务由不太合格的技术人员提供，或者由农民自行治疗猪。总的来说，这个生产系统的特点是所有节点的高度非正规性，加上该部门的快速增长轨迹。这些发现为针对卢旺达生猪价值链中发现的脆弱性制定干预措施提供了依据。
Rwanda has a fast growing pig production sector projected to continue expansion, due to rising local and regional demand. We undertook a value chain analysis to establish the flows of pigs and pork in Rwanda and the roles of various actors involved, and to understand governance and sanitary risks in the value chain. Cross-sectional qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions and key informant interviews with farmers, brokers, butchers, abattoir managers, and veterinarians. Data were collected on pig production methods and inputs, the source and destination of live and slaughtered pigs, value-adding infrastructures (abattoirs and processing factories), the people involved and interactions between them, governance, and challenges. Pig production in Rwanda is dominated by smallholders, mainly as a source of supplementary income and secondarily for manure. Emerging medium-sized and large pig farms were also identified, located mainly around urban areas. Live pig markets are the main mechanism allowing various actors to buy/sell pigs. Brokers have an important role in pig transactions: they are key in setting prices at markets, examining pigs for disease, organising the supply of pigs for abattoirs and for export. Only a few formal pig abattoirs were identified, which mainly supply to pork processing factories based in Kigali and/or export to customers. Local consumers rely on informal slaughtering at farm or bar/restaurant backyards, with irregular veterinary inspection. Formal abattoirs were attended by a veterinary inspector, however a lack of record keeping was noted. Sanitary risks identified were a lack of biosecurity throughout the chain and poor hygiene at slaughter places. Lingual palpation was practised in pig markets to identify cysticercosis infection, however cyst-positive pigs were not destroyed, but were sold for reduced prices in the same market or later informally sold by the owner. There are few veterinarians attending farms, with most services provided by less qualified technicians or self-treatment of pigs by farmers. Overall, this production system is characterised by a high degree of informality at all nodes, combined with the rapid growth trajectory in the sector. These findings provide a basis to plan interventions tailored to vulnerabilities identified in the Rwanda pig value chain.
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影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Byukusenge, Maurice;Li, Lingling;Jayarao, Bhushan M.
通讯作者：
Jayarao, Bhushan M.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Kiger, Michelle E.;Varpio, Lara
通讯作者：
Varpio, Lara
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.04.015
发表时间：
2012-06-15
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gomes-Neves, Eduarda;Antunes, Patricia;Peixe, Luisa
通讯作者：
Peixe, Luisa
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Falzon, Laura C.;Alumasa, Lorren;Fevre, Eric M.
通讯作者：
Fevre, Eric M.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Alarcon, Pablo;Fevre, Eric M.;Rushton, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Rushton, Jonathan