Growth and physiological adaptation of whole plants and cultured cells from a halophyte turf grass, Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth under salt stress.
Growth and physiological adaptation of whole plants and cultured cells from a halophyte turf grass, Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth under salt stress.
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盐胁迫下盐生草坪草 Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth 的整株植物和培养细胞的生长和生理适应。
DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plu041
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kurusu T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tada Y.;Komatsubara S.;Kurusu T.
了解禾本科盐生植物成员科普盐胁迫的机制将有助于对耐盐作物进行基因工程改造所需的知识。在这项研究中，我们确定了一个基因型ofSporobolus virginicus，盐生草坪草收集在日本，并调查了其生长速度，离子浓度和分泌，脯氨酸浓度与报告的属性相比，收集从美国，南非和埃及的基因型。令人惊讶的是，日本基因型显示出耐盐性高达1.5 M NaCl，比海水盐度高3倍。芽生长刺激100 mM NaCl和根生长刺激的盐度高达1 M NaCl。Na+和Cl −在芽和根中的积累通过盐胁迫迅速升高，但没有超过渗透调节所需的水平，部分原因是盐腺的离子分泌，这在S基因型中存在。virginicus然而，日本基因型积累K+的水平高于其他基因型，导致相对较高的K+/Na+比，即使在盐胁迫下。脯氨酸浓度的增加，观察到的培养液中的NaCl浓度成正比，并可能部分占在芽中的渗透调节。我们还产生并表征了S. virginicus在500 mM NaCl中，培养的细胞与水稻培养的细胞相比显示出增强的生长。在300-500 mM NaCl中培养的细胞中Na+和Cl −的浓度低于100 mM NaCl。S.在盐胁迫下，弗吉尼亚积累的脯氨酸水平高于水稻细胞。Na+、Cl-和K+的内流/外流以及脯氨酸的积累可能参与了植物和细胞水平的耐盐机制。
Understanding the mechanisms used by halophytic members of the Poaceae to cope with salt stress will contribute to the knowledge necessary to genetically engineer salt-tolerant crops. In this study, we identified a genotype ofSporobolus virginicus, a halophytic turf grass collected in Japan, and investigated its growth rate, ion concentration and secretion, and proline concentration in comparison with the reported properties of genotypes collected from the USA, South Africa and Egypt. Surprisingly, the Japanese genotype showed a salinity tolerance up to 1.5 M NaCl, a 3-fold higher concentration than seawater salinity. Shoot growth was stimulated by 100 mM NaCl and root growth was stimulated at salinities of up to 1 M NaCl. Accumulation of Na+and CI−in shoots and roots was rapidly elevated by salinity stress but did not exceed the levels required for osmotic adjustment, due in part to ion secretion by salt glands, which are present in genotypes ofS. virginicus. However, the Japanese genotypes accumulated K+to a higher level than other genotypes, resulting in a relatively high K+/Na+ratio even under salinity stress. An increase in proline concentration was observed that was proportional to the NaCl concentration in the culture solution and might partially account for osmotic adjustment in the shoots. We also generated and characterized cultured cells ofS. virginicus. In 500 mM NaCl, the cultured cells showed an enhanced growth compared with cultured cells of rice. The concentration of Na+and CI−in the cultured cells in 300–500 mM NaCl was lower than in 100 mM NaCl. Cultured cells ofS. virginicusaccumulated proline to higher levels than rice cells cultured under salinity stress. The active regulation of Na+, Cl−and K+influx/efflux and proline accumulation might be involved in salt tolerance mechanisms at the cellular level as well asin planta.