Gene content evolution on the X chromosome.
Gene content evolution on the X chromosome.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gde.2008.09.006
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bachtrog D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gurbich TA;Bachtrog D
与常染色体相比，X染色体由于其在男性中的半合性而表现出不同的进化模式。此外，精子发生过程中 X 的失活会使 X 染色体成为男性特异性基因的不利位置。这些因素可以帮助解释为什么在许多物种中 X 染色体的基因含量与常染色体的基因含量不同。事实上，小鼠的 X 染色体富含雄性特异性基因，而果蝇的 X 染色体则缺乏，但在蚊子中却没有表现出这些趋势。在这里，我们将讨论关于果蝇祖先和新 X 染色体的最新发现，这些发现支持性对抗是塑造性染色体基因内容进化的力量，并表明选择可能会驱使偏雄性的基因离开 X。
Compared with autosomes, the X chromosome shows different patterns of evolution as a result of its hemizygosity in males. Additionally, inactivation of the X during spermatogenesis can make the X chromosome an unfavorable location for male-specific genes. These factors can help to explain why in many species gene content of the X chromosome differs from that of autosomes. Indeed, the X chromosome in mouse is enriched for male-specific genes while they are depleted on the X in Drosophila but show neither of these trends in mosquito. Here, we will discuss recent findings on the ancestral and neo-X chromosomes in Drosophila that support sexual antagonism as a force shaping gene content evolution of sex chromosomes and suggest that selection could be driving male-biased genes off the X.