Still and rotating myosin clusters determine cytokinetic ring constriction.
Still and rotating myosin clusters determine cytokinetic ring constriction.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms11860
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Riveline D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wollrab V;Thiagarajan R;Wald A;Kruse K;Riveline D
细胞动力学环是分裂过程中分离子细胞所必需的。它由肌动蛋白丝和肌球蛋白马达组成，通常被认为组织为类似于骨骼肌的肌节。然而，缺乏直接证据。在这里，我们表明，内部组织和动态的环是不同的肌节和不同的细胞类型。使用微腔定向环在单个焦平面，我们发现在哺乳动物细胞中的肌球蛋白簇在收缩开始时从均匀分布到周期性模式的过渡。相反，在分裂酵母中，肌球蛋白簇在收缩之前和收缩期间旋转。理论分析表明，这两种模式的结果从肌动蛋白肌球蛋白的自组织，并揭示了各自的应力的差异。这些发现表明环的不同功能作用：在哺乳动物细胞中的收缩和在裂变酵母中的运输。因此，在不同条件下的自组织可能是调节体内形态发生的一般特征。 细胞动力学环由肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白组成，但尚未观察到它们在收缩之前和收缩期间的组织。在这里，作者观察到哺乳动物和酵母细胞以不同的方式组织它们的环，哺乳动物细胞形成肌球蛋白簇的周期性模式，而酵母在收缩期间旋转肌球蛋白簇。
The cytokinetic ring is essential for separating daughter cells during division. It consists of actin filaments and myosin motors that are generally assumed to organize as sarcomeres similar to skeletal muscles. However, direct evidence is lacking. Here we show that the internal organization and dynamics of rings are different from sarcomeres and distinct in different cell types. Using micro-cavities to orient rings in single focal planes, we find in mammalian cells a transition from a homogeneous distribution to a periodic pattern of myosin clusters at the onset of constriction. In contrast, in fission yeast, myosin clusters rotate prior to and during constriction. Theoretical analysis indicates that both patterns result from acto-myosin self-organization and reveals differences in the respective stresses. These findings suggest distinct functional roles for rings: contraction in mammalian cells and transport in fission yeast. Thus self-organization under different conditions may be a generic feature for regulating morphogenesis in vivo. The cytokinetic ring consists of actin and myosin, but their organisation prior to and during constriction has not been observed. Here the authors observe that mammalian and yeast cells organise their rings differently, with mammalian cells forming a periodic pattern of myosin clusters and yeast rotating myosin clusters during constriction.