Archaeology and the Image of the American Indian
Archaeology and the Image of the American Indian
复制标题
考古学与美洲印第安人的形象
DOI：
10.2307/280140
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
B. Trigger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Trigger
考古学家以一种冷漠和有点贬损的方式对待美洲原住民。为了解释这种处理方式，我们考察了美国考古学的发展与考古学家对原住民看法的变化。在十九世纪，土著人民被认为是没有进步的野蛮人，这一观点反映在“土丘建造者”神话中，该神话认为当时引起相当大的古董兴趣的壮观的土方工程是非印第安人的作品。在二十世纪上半叶，由于对考古数据的功能解释的兴趣下降，与人种学的联系松动，对土著人民的关注就更少了。新考古学继续将土著人民视为研究对象，而不是研究对象。有人建议，更多地关注印第安人和爱斯基摩人的历史可能有助于纠正这一点。
Archaeologists have treated American native peoples in a detached and somewhat pejorative fashion. In an attempt to explain this treatment, the development of American archaeology is examined in relation to changing views of native peoples that archaeologists have held. In the nineteenth century, native peoples were regarded as unprogressive savages, a view reflected in the "Mound Builder" myth, which held that the spectacular earthworks which were then the object of considerable antiquarian interest were the work of non-Indians. In the first half of the twentieth century, given a declining interest in the functional interpretation of archaeological data and a loosening of ties with ethnography, there was even less concern with native peoples. The New Archaeology continues to treat native peoples as objects rather than subjects of research. It is suggested that greater concern with Indian and Eskimo history might help to correct this.