The complex role of iNOS in acutely rejecting cardiac transplants.
The complex role of iNOS in acutely rejecting cardiac transplants.
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iNOS 在心脏移植急性排斥反应中的复杂作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.01.020
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Roza,AllanM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pieper,GalenM;Roza,AllanM
本文综述了诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和/或活性氮物种，如过氧亚硝基氮在急性排斥心脏移植的有害作用的证据。在慢性心脏移植排斥反应中，iNOS可能具有相反的有益成分。本综述的目的主要是解决与急性排斥反应相关的问题，急性排斥反应是慢性排斥反应的公认风险因素。不利作用的证据是基于涉及非选择性NOS抑制剂、NO中和剂、选择性iNOS抑制剂和心脏排斥啮齿动物模型中iNOS基因缺失的策略。审查的背景下提出的各种组件的影响，包括移植物存活，组织学排斥反应，和心脏功能，这可能有助于移植物排斥反应的过程中。每种策略可能的局限性进行了讨论，以更好地了解在已发表的研究结果，包括潜在的重要性，细胞定位的iNOS表达的相关问题的变化。最后，NO及其下游产物过氧亚硝酸盐在排斥反应与免疫调节中的双重作用的概念进行了讨论。
This review summarizes the evidence for a detrimental role of nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and/or reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite in acutely rejecting cardiac transplants. In chronic cardiac transplant rejection, iNOS may have an opposing beneficial component. The purpose of this review is primarily to address issues related to acute rejection, which is a recognized risk factor for chronic rejection. The evidence for a detrimental role is based upon strategies involving nonselective NOS inhibitors, NO neutralizers, selective iNOS inhibitors, and iNOS gene deletion in rodent models of cardiac rejection. The review is presented in the context of the impact on various components, including graft survival, histological rejection, and cardiac function, which may contribute to the process of graft rejection in toto. Possible limitations of each strategy are discussed in order to understand better the variance in published findings, including issues related to the potential importance of cell localization of iNOS expression. Finally, the concept of a dual role for NO and its downstream product, peroxynitrite, in rejection vs immune regulation is discussed.