New insights into the mechanisms of venous thrombosis
New insights into the mechanisms of venous thrombosis
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DOI：
10.1172/jci60229
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Mackman, Nigel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mackman, Nigel
静脉血栓形成是工业化国家发病率和死亡率的主要原因，特别是在老年人中。静脉血栓形成的许多危险因素已被确定为改变血流量、激活内皮细胞和增加血液凝固。然而，引发大静脉凝血的确切机制尚未完全阐明。由于瓣膜袋窦容易缺氧，最常见的血栓起始部位是瓣膜袋窦。缺氧或可能的炎症刺激激活内皮细胞会导致粘附受体的表面表达，促进循环白细胞和微囊泡的结合。随后的白细胞活化诱导了引发血栓形成的强效促凝蛋白组织因子的表达。了解静脉血栓形成的机制可能会导致新的治疗方法的发展。
Venous thrombosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries, especially in the elderly. Many risk factors have been identified for venous thrombosis that alter blood flow, activate the endothelium, and increase blood coagulation. However, the precise mechanisms that trigger clotting in large veins have not been fully elucidated. The most common site for initiation of the thrombus appears to be the valve pocket sinus, due to its tendency to become hypoxic. Activation of endothelial cells by hypoxia or possibly inflammatory stimuli would lead to surface expression of adhesion receptors that facilitate the binding of circulating leukocytes and microvesicles. Subsequent activation of the leukocytes induces expression of the potent procoagulant protein tissue factor that triggers thrombosis. Understanding the mechanisms of venous thrombosis may lead to the development of new treatments.