The Polarized Image of a Synchrotron-emitting Ring of Gas Orbiting a Black Hole

The Polarized Image of a Synchrotron-emitting Ring of Gas Orbiting a Black Hole
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绕黑洞运行的同步加速器发射气体环的偏振图像

DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/abf117
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发表时间:
2021-05
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Asada Kei
Asada Kei
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Narayan Ramesh;Palumbo Daniel C. M.;Johnson Michael D.;Gelles Zachary;Himwich Elizabeth;Chang Dominic O.;Ricarte Angelo;Dexter Jason;Gammie Charles F.;Chael Andrew A.;Akiyama Kazunori;Alberdi Antxon;Alef Walter;Algaba Juan Carlos;Anantua Richard;Asada Kei

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来自黑洞附近热气体的同步辐射产生偏振图像。图像偏振是由发射区磁场的方向、气体的相对论性运动、黑洞的强引力透镜以及弯曲时空中的平行输运等影响决定的。我们利用史瓦西黑洞周围的轴对称赤道吸积盘的一个简单模型来探索这些效应。通过使用Beloborodov(2002)导出的零测地线近似表达式和Walker-Penrose常数守恒,我们提供了图像偏振的解析估计。我们使用目前流行的M87*的广义相对论磁流体力学模拟来测试这个模型,使用模拟给出的环参数。对于这些具有适度法拉第效应的子集,我们表明环模型广泛地再现了极化图像形态。我们的模型还预测了紧凑型耀斑区域的极化演化,比如用重力从人马座A*观测到的那些区域。通过选择合适的参数,我们的简单模型可以再现M87*事件视界望远镜图像中的EVPA模式和相对偏振强度。在磁场跟随流体速度的物理动机假设下,这种比较与从总强度图像推断的顺时针旋转一致。
Synchrotron radiation from hot gas near a black hole results in a polarized image. The image polarization is determined by effects including the orientation of the magnetic field in the emitting region, relativistic motion of the gas, strong gravitational lensing by the black hole, and parallel transport in the curved spacetime. We explore these effects using a simple model of an axisymmetric, equatorial accretion disk around a Schwarzschild black hole. By using an approximate expression for the null geodesics derived by Beloborodov (2002) and conservation of the Walker-Penrose constant, we provide analytic estimates for the image polarization. We test this model using currently favored general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of M87*, using ring parameters given by the simulations. For a subset of these with modest Faraday effects, we show that the ring model broadly reproduces the polarimetric image morphology. Our model also predicts the polarization evolution for compact flaring regions, such as those observed from Sgr A* with GRAVITY. With suitably chosen parameters, our simple model can reproduce the EVPA pattern and relative polarized intensity in Event Horizon Telescope images of M87*. Under the physically motivated assumption that the magnetic field trails the fluid velocity, this comparison is consistent with the clockwise rotation inferred from total intensity images.
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发表时间: 2016-01
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发表时间: 2006-08
影响因子: 6.5
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发表时间: 2021-03
影响因子: 7.9
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