Frequency-dependent survival in natural guppy populations
Frequency-dependent survival in natural guppy populations
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DOI：
10.1038/nature04646
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Hughes, Kimberly A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olendorf, Robert;Rodd, F. Helen;Hughes, Kimberly A.
在自然选择下保持性状的遗传变异是进化生物学中一个长期存在的悖论（1-3）。在能够维持变异的过程中，负频率依赖性选择（其中稀有类型受到选择的青睐）是最强大的，至少在理论上是如此（1）;然而，很少有实验研究证实这种过程在自然界中起作用。一个最极端的，无法解释的遗传多态性是在雄性孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）的颜色模式（4，5）。在这里，我们操纵了三个自然种群中具有不同颜色模式的雄性的频率来估计存活率，并发现罕见的表型与常见的表型相比具有非常显著的存活优势。来自人类（6，7）和其他物种（8，9）的证据表明，在维持分子、形态和健康相关的多态性方面，频率依赖性生存。作为自然界中的受控操作，这项研究为频率依赖性生存提供了明确的支持-这是一个能够保持极端多态性的进化过程。
The maintenance of genetic variation in traits under natural selection is a long-standing paradox in evolutionary biology(1-3). Of the processes capable of maintaining variation, negative frequency-dependent selection ( where rare types are favoured by selection) is the most powerful, at least in theory(1); however, few experimental studies have confirmed that this process operates in nature. One of the most extreme, unexplained genetic polymorphisms is seen in the colour patterns of male guppies ( Poecilia reticulata)(4,5). Here we manipulated the frequencies of males with different colour patterns in three natural populations to estimate survival rates, and found that rare phenotypes had a highly significant survival advantage compared to common phenotypes. Evidence from humans(6,7) and other species(8,9) implicates frequency-dependent survival in the maintenance of molecular, morphological and health-related polymorphisms. As a controlled manipulation in nature, this study provides unequivocal support for frequency-dependent survival - an evolutionary process capable of maintaining extreme polymorphism.