Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state.
Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abc0523
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发表时间：
2020-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jerome KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bedford T;Greninger AL;Roychoudhury P;Starita LM;Famulare M;Huang ML;Nalla A;Pepper G;Reinhardt A;Xie H;Shrestha L;Nguyen TN;Adler A;Brandstetter E;Cho S;Giroux D;Han PD;Fay K;Frazar CD;Ilcisin M;Lacombe K;Lee J;Kiavand A;Richardson M;Sibley TR;Truong M;Wolf CR;Nickerson DA;Rieder MJ;Englund JA;Seattle Flu Study Investigators;Hadfield J;Hodcroft EB;Huddleston J;Moncla LH;Müller NF;Neher RA;Deng X;Gu W;Federman S;Chiu C;Duchin JS;Gautom R;Melly G;Hiatt B;Dykema P;Lindquist S;Queen K;Tao Y;Uehara A;Tong S;MacCannell D;Armstrong GL;Baird GS;Chu HY;Shendure J;Jerome KR
关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)如何在地球上传播的历史还远不清楚。社交媒体传播了几种说法，在某些情况下，还制定了国家政策作为回应。现在已经有了数以千计的病毒序列，两项研究分析了SARS-CoV-2传播过程中的一些关键早期事件。贝德福德等人。发现病毒于1月底或2月初抵达华盛顿州。检测到的第一例病例的病毒基因组与在中国样本中发现的突变相似，并迅速传播，并主导了随后未检测到的社区传播。检测到的其他病毒起源于欧洲。沃奥贝等人的研究。研究发现，早期引入德国和美国西海岸的做法被强有力的公共卫生努力扼杀了，但这些成功在很大程度上没有得到承认。不幸的是，2月份发生了几起重大旅游事件，包括中国被遣返，公共卫生后续行动不严。连续的、独立的引入引发了美国和欧洲的重大疫情，这些疫情仍然控制着我们的控制措施。《科学》，本期第571页，华盛顿州第一例SARS-CoV-2病例发生在1月底，由于没有被发现，引发了社区传播。2019年11月下旬或12月初，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型在武汉出现后，中国迅速在全球范围内传播。SARS-CoV-2的基因组测序可以重建其传播历史，尽管这取决于采样。我们分析了2020年2月20日至3月15日期间从美国华盛顿州感染患者中收集的453例SARS-CoV-2基因组。我们发现，在此期间抽样的大多数SARS-CoV-2感染来自2020年1月底或2月初的一次传入，随后在实施积极的社区监测之前在当地传播。
The history of how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread around the planet has been far from clear. Several narratives have been propagated by social media and, in some cases, national policies were forged in response. Now that many thousands of virus sequences are available, two studies analyzed some of the key early events in the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Bedford et al. found that the virus arrived in Washington state in late January or early February. The viral genome from the first case detected had mutations similar to those found in Chinese samples and rapidly spread and dominated subsequent undetected community transmission. The other viruses detected had origins in Europe. Worobey et al. found that early introductions into Germany and the west coast of the United States were extinguished by vigorous public health efforts, but these successes were largely unrecognized. Unfortunately, several major travel events occurred in February, including repatriations from China, with lax public health follow-up. Serial, independent introductions triggered the major outbreaks in the United States and Europe that still hold us in the grip of control measures. Science, this issue p. 571, p. The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington state occurred at the end of January and, by going undetected, sparked community transmission. After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally. Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 allows the reconstruction of its transmission history, although this is contingent on sampling. We analyzed 453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected between 20 February and 15 March 2020 from infected patients in Washington state in the United States. We find that most SARS-CoV-2 infections sampled during this time derive from a single introduction in late January or early February 2020, which subsequently spread locally before active community surveillance was implemented.