The Coevolution Effect as a Driver of Spillover
The Coevolution Effect as a Driver of Spillover
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作为溢出驱动因素的协同进化效应
DOI：
10.1016/j.pt.2019.03.010
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Oaks, Jamie R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zohdy, Sarah;Schwartz, Tonia S.;Oaks, Jamie R.
全球栖息地碎片化与人类种群中野生动物来源的传染病的出现有关。尽管这种说法被广泛接受，但推动这种联系的潜在机制仍然不清楚。我们引入了一个细微差别的假说--“共同进化效应”。中心概念是，随着生境碎片化而发生的宿主种群的细分导致宿主、专性寄生虫和病原体的局部协同进化，这些寄生生物和病原体在每个片段中充当“协同进化引擎”，加速病原体多样化，并增加整个景观中的病原体多样性。当与退出片段(例如蚊子)的机制相结合时，病原体变体将溢出到人类社区。通过这种组合的生态进化方法，我们可能能够理解在人类世驱动疾病出现的细微机制。
Global habitat fragmentation is associated with the emergence of infectious diseases of wildlife origins in human populations. Despite this well-accepted narrative, the underlying mechanisms driving this association remain unclear. We introduce a nuanced hypothesis, the ‘coevolution effect'. The central concept is that the subdivision of host populations which occurs with habitat fragmentation causes localized coevolution of hosts, obligate parasites, and pathogens which act as ‘coevolutionary engines' within each fragment, accelerating pathogen diversification, and increasing pathogen diversity across the landscape. When combined with a mechanism to exit a fragment (e.g., mosquitoes), pathogen variants will spill over into human communities. Through this combined ecoevolutionary approach we may be able to understand the fine-scale mechanisms that drive disease emergence in the Anthropocene.