Subjective social status and neural processing of race in Mexican American adolescents.
Subjective social status and neural processing of race in Mexican American adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579418000949
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Telzer EH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muscatell KA;McCormick E;Telzer EH
青春期是社会文化发展的敏感时期，社会身份的各个方面，包括社会地位和种族，变得尤其突出。尽管社会地位和种族在这一发展时期的高度重要性，没有已知的工作已经研究了社会地位的个体差异如何影响青少年的种族观念。因此，在本研究中，我们调查了主观社会地位和客观社会经济地位（SES）如何影响神经反应的种族。23名墨西哥裔美国青少年（15名女性，平均年龄= 17.22岁）进行了扫描，使用功能性磁共振成像，而他们看到黑色和白色的脸在一个标准的标签任务。青少年评价他们在美国社会中的主观社会地位，而他们的父母回答有关他们的教育背景，职业和经济压力的问题（客观SES）。结果表明，当青少年看到黑人（相对于白色）面孔时，主观社会地位与杏仁核、梭状面孔区和内侧前额叶皮层的神经反应之间存在负相关。换句话说，主观社会地位较低的青少年在处理显着性，感知专业知识和思考他人思想的神经区域中表现出更大的活动，当他们看到黑人面孔的图像时，这表明这些青少年的种族显着性增强。客观SES和面孔的神经反应之间没有关系。此外，指导参与者关注性别或面部表情减弱了主观社会地位与种族神经处理之间的关系。总之，这些结果表明，主观的社会地位塑造了大脑对种族的反应方式，这可能对精神病理学有影响。
Adolescence is a sensitive period for sociocultural development in which facets of social identity, including social status and race, become especially salient. Despite the heightened importance of both social status and race during this developmental period, no known work has examined how individual differences in social status influence perceptions of race in adolescents. Thus, in the present study, we investigated how both subjective social status and objective socioeconomic status (SES) influence neural responses to race. Twenty-three Mexican American adolescents (15 females; mean age = 17.22 years) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging while they viewed Black and White faces in a standard labeling task. Adolescents rated their subjective social status in US society, while their parents responded to questions about their educational background, occupation, and economic strain (objective SES). Results demonstrated a negative association between subjective social status and neural responses in the amygdala, fusiform face area, and medial prefrontal cortex when adolescents viewed Black (relative to White) faces. In other words, adolescents with lower subjective social status showed greater activity in neural regions involved in processing salience, perceptual expertise, and thinking about the minds of others when they viewed images of Black faces, suggesting enhanced salience of race for these youth. There was no relationship between objective SES and neural responses to the faces. Moreover, instructing participants to focus on the gender or emotion expression on the face attenuated the relationship between subjective social status and neural processing of race. Together, these results demonstrate that subjective social status shapes the way the brain responds to race, which may have implications for psychopathology.