Effect of carbon nanotubes on developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
Effect of carbon nanotubes on developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
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DOI：
10.1897/06-272r.1
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Cheng, Shuk Han
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, Jinping;Flahaut, Emmanuel;Cheng, Shuk Han
以斑马鱼(Danio Rerio)发育中的胚胎为材料，研究了碳纳米管(CNTs)在不同环境条件下对水环境的影响。单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)的团聚尺寸在pH 11或更高时显著增大，在4-40℃和0-30 ppt的盐度下稳定。当SWCNTs浓度大于120 mg/L时，受精后52~72 h斑马鱼胚胎孵化延迟，但75 mg/hPF孵化的斑马鱼胚胎孵化率达99%。当浓度大于240 mg/L时，双壁碳纳米管也引起孵化延迟，但在所测试的浓度下，炭黑不影响孵化。分子和细胞分析表明，当SWCNT浓度达到360 mg/L时，暴露于96HPF以下的斑马鱼胚胎的胚胎发育没有受到影响。扫描电子显微镜观察发现，胚胎绒毛上的毛孔大小为纳米级，SWCNT凝聚体的尺寸为微米级或更大，表明斑马鱼胚胎的绒毛膜对SWCNT凝聚体具有有效的保护作用。本研究中观察到的孵化延迟可能是由于用于生产单壁碳纳米管的钴和镍催化剂造成的，这些催化剂在纯化后仍保持在微量浓度。这项研究表明，与未加工的单壁碳纳米管相关的材料(可能是金属污染物)在释放到水环境中时可能会影响水生生物。
The impact of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the aquatic environment was investigated by examining the properties of raw CNTs under several environmental conditions and using developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The agglomerate size for single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) was significantly larger at pH 11 or greater and was stable at temperatures from 4 to 40 degrees C and salinities from 0 to 30 ppt. Exposure to SWCNTs induced a significant hatching delay in zebrafish embryos between 52 to 72 h postfertilization (hpf) at concentrations of greater than 120 mg/L, but 99% of the exposed embryos hatched by 75 hpf. Double-walled CNTs also induced a hatching delay at concentrations of greater than 240 mg/L, but carbon black did not affect hatching at the concentrations tested. Molecular and cellular analysis showed that the embryonic development of the exposed embryos up to 96 hpf was not affected at SWCNT concentrations of up to 360 mg/L. Scanning-electron microscopic inspection showed that the size of the pores on the embryo chorion was nanoscaled and that the size of SWCNT agglomerates was microscaled or larger, indicating that the chorion of zebrafish embryos was an effective protective barrier to SWCNT agglomerates. The hatching delay observed in this study likely was induced by the Co and Ni catalysts used in the production of SWCNTs that remained at trace concentrations after purification. This study suggests that materials associated with raw SWCNTs (perhaps metal contaminants) have the potential to affect aquatic life when released into the aquatic environment.