Geography of conservation spending, biodiversity, and culture
Geography of conservation spending, biodiversity, and culture
复制标题
保护支出、生物多样性和文化的地理
DOI：
10.1111/cobi.12720
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
P. Rankin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. McClanahan;P. Rankin
我们使用线性和多变量模型来研究55个国家的地理，生物多样性，人均经济产出，国家保护支出，治理和文化特征之间的关系。文化特征和现代化的社会指标与国家在保护方面的支出呈正相关。这种消费文化的全球分布与生物多样性的分布不一致。具体来说，热带地区的生物多样性更大，那里的文化往往在保护方面花费相对较少，并且往往具有更高的集体主义、正式和等级化的领导以及较弱的治理。因此，缺乏与现代化、环保主义和保护支出相关的社会特征的国家拥有地球生物多样性的最大组成部分。鉴于生物多样性正在迅速消失，文化特征变化缓慢，这对制定资源管理政策和优先事项具有重大影响。因此，我们建议自然资源管理适应和利用现有的社会组织的特点，而不是等待或促进与保护支出相关的社会价值。支持生物文化传统，让领导人增加保护承诺，补充文化属性的跨国努力，以及避免对自然的干扰，可能会在集体和等级社会中最有效地保护自然。现代化国家的支出可能是对经济发展和环境退化症状的象征性反应，在这里，保护行动需要确保生物多样性不会丧失。
We used linear and multivariate models to examine the associations between geography, biodiversity, per capita economic output, national spending on conservation, governance, and cultural traits in 55 countries. Cultural traits and social metrics of modernization correlated positively with national spending on conservation. The global distribution of this spending culture was poorly aligned with the distribution of biodiversity. Specifically, biodiversity was greater in the tropics where cultures tended to spend relatively less on conservation and tended to have higher collectivism, formalized and hierarchical leadership, and weaker governance. Consequently, nations lacking social traits frequently associated with modernization, environmentalism, and conservation spending have the largest component of Earth's biodiversity. This has significant implications for setting policies and priorities for resource management given that biological diversity is rapidly disappearing and cultural traits change slowly. Therefore, we suggest natural resource management adapt to and use characteristics of existing social organization rather than wait for or promote social values associated with conservation spending. Supporting biocultural traditions, engaging leaders to increase conservation commitments, cross‐national efforts that complement attributes of cultures, and avoiding interference with nature may work best to conserve nature in collective and hierarchical societies. Spending in modernized nations may be a symbolic response to a symptom of economic development and environmental degradation, and here conservation actions need to ensure that biodiversity is not being lost.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
McCrae, RR;Terracciano, A
通讯作者：
Terracciano, A