Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: no longer an enigma and now key to transplant tolerance?

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: no longer an enigma and now key to transplant tolerance?
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DOI:
10.1111/ajt.12229
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发表时间:
2013-05
期刊:
American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Thomson AW
Thomson AW
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rogers NM;Isenberg JS;Thomson AW

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浆细胞样(p)树突状细胞(DC)是DC的一个特化亚群,其主要作用最初被定义为响应病毒感染而产生I型干扰素。现在已知它们还具有能够决定T细胞命运和活化的功能库。在稳态条件下,非淋巴组织驻留的pDC在粘膜免疫的调节以及中枢和外周耐受的发展中起关键作用。尽管这些细胞显示出许多不同于常规DC的特征,特别是改变的共刺激分子表达和与T细胞相互作用时的不良同种异体刺激能力,但这种表型有利于产生对移植物耐受性发展至关重要的同种异体抗原特异性调节性CD4+或CD8+ T细胞。在这篇小综述中,我们讨论了pDC个体发育,功能生物学和新出现的数据,证明了pDC在诱导耐受性中的重要性,以及最近的研究,定义了pDC介导的实体器官和造血干细胞移植耐受性的机制。我们还强调了它们在临床环境中的应用以及pDC作为靶点和细胞治疗剂改善器官移植结果的潜力。
Plasmacytoid (p) dendritic cells (DC) are a specialized subset of DC whose primary role was initially defined by the production of type I interferons in response to viral infection. They are now known to also possess a repertoire of functions capable of determining T cell fate and activation. Under homeostatic conditions, non-lymphoid tissue-resident pDC play a critical role in the regulation of mucosal immunity, as well as the development of central and peripheral tolerance. Although these cells display a number of characteristics that differ from conventional DC, particularly altered costimulatory molecule expression and poor allostimulatory capacity when interacting with T cells, this phenotype favors the generation of alloantigen-specific regulatory CD4+ or CD8+ T cells critical to the development of graft tolerance. In this minireview we discuss pDC ontogeny, functional biology and the emerging data that demonstrate the importance of pDC in the induction of tolerance, as well as recent studies that define mechanisms underlying pDC-mediated tolerance to both solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantats. We also highlight their use in clinical settings and the potential of pDC both as targets and cellular therapeutic agents to improve the outcome of organ transplantation.
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