QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF CERVICAL MUSCULATURE IN RATS - HISTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MOTOR POOL ORGANIZATION .1. MUSCLES OF THE SPINAL ACCESSORY COMPLEX
QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF CERVICAL MUSCULATURE IN RATS - HISTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MOTOR POOL ORGANIZATION .1. MUSCLES OF THE SPINAL ACCESSORY COMPLEX
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.902550304
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发表时间：
1987-01-15
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
PETERSON, EH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRICHTA, AM;CALLISTER, RJ;PETERSON, EH
在本文中，我们的结构和节段性神经支配，组织化学组成，肌梭的人口，和运动池组织的大鼠脊髓副肌：胸锁乳突肌（SM），锁乳突肌（CM），锁乳突肌（CT），肩峰肌（AT）。我们还考虑了（1）单个大鼠颈部肌肉是否由一个以上的运动神经元群体提供，因为它们在海龟和猫中，以及（2）SA肌肉中运动神经元的大小是否与目标肌纤维类型有关。SM、CM和CT是腹侧平行带肌。每一个都可以分为肉眼可见的白色和红色隔间。AT是一个背外侧片状肌肉，没有明显的区室化。所有四块肌肉都由快速收缩糖酵解（FG）和快速氧化糖酵解（FOG）纤维主导，并且FG纤维在四块肌肉中的三块中明显多于FOG类型。因此，大鼠的SA肌肉似乎专门用于快速、阶段性的头部运动。地形分析显示，有一个惊人的划分纤维类型的腹侧肌肉，对应于红色和白色段肉眼可见。Spectrometry仅在含有慢收缩氧化（SO）纤维的区域中发现。跨肌肉的比较表明，有显着差异SA肌肉在其纤维类型组成。SA肌的运动池从下延髓到C5形成一个单一的柱。吻侧细胞位于腹角的背内侧，在C1/C2交界处，柱状细胞向腹外侧移动。在这一列中，每个运动池占据一个特征性的喙尾位置，顺序为SM：CM：CT：AT。因此，SM和（部分）CM运动神经元位于更内侧比细胞供应的复合体，这表明他们可能是在不同的模式下的突触驱动。我们没有看到任何证据表明大鼠SA肌肉是由一个以上的运动神经元群体提供的。直接比较提供肌肉或具有显著不同组织化学组成的肌肉部分的运动神经元的索马大小表明，这些大小差异是在从它们的组织化学谱预测的方向上，从而表明在这些肌肉中，运动神经元索马大小可能与肌纤维类型成比例。
In this paper we characterize the architecture and segmental innervation, histochemical composition, muscle spindle populations, and motor pool organization of rat spinal accessory (SA) muscles: sternomastoid (SM), cleidomastoid (CM), cleidotrapezius (CT), and acromiotrapezius (AT). We also consider (1) whether individual rat neck muscles are supplied by more than one population of motor neurons as they are in turtles and cats and (2) whether in SA muscles motor neuron size scales with target muscle fiber type. SM, CM, and CT are ventral, parallel strap muscles. Each can be divided into grossly visible white and red compartments. AT is a dorsolateral sheetlike muscle that shows no gross compartmentalization. All four muscles are dominated by fast-twitch glycolytic (FG) and fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibers, and FG fibers are significantly more numerous than the FOG type in three out of four muscles. Thus SA muscles in rats appear to be specialized for rapid, phasic head movements. Topographical analyses revealed that there is a striking compartmentalization of fiber types in the ventral muscles that corresponds to the red and white segments seen grossly. Spindles are found only in regions containing slow-twitch oxidative (SO) fibers. Cross-muscle comparisons indicate that there are significant differences between SA muscles in their fiber type composition. The motor pools of SA muscles form a single column from lower medulla to C5. Rostral cells lie dorsomedially in the ventral horn and, at the C1/C2 junction, the column shifts ventrolaterally. Within this column, each motor pool occupies a characteristic rostrocaudal position in the order SM:CM:CT:AT. Thus SM and (in part) CM motor neurons lie more medially than cells supplying the trapezius complex, suggesting that they may be under different patterns of synaptic drive. We saw no evidence that rat SA muscles are supplied by more than one population of motor neurons. Direct comparisons between the soma sizes of motor neurons that supply muscles or parts of muscles with significantly different histochemical compositions indicate that these size differences are in the direction predicted from their histochemical profiles, thus sugesting that in these muscles motor neuron soma size may scale with muscle fiber type.