Roles of RNA polymerase IV in gene silencing.
Roles of RNA polymerase IV in gene silencing.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tplants.2008.04.008
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发表时间:
2008-07
影响因子:
20.5
通讯作者:
Wierzbicki, Andrzej T.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pikaard, Craig S.;Haag, Jeremy R.;Ream, Thomas;Wierzbicki, Andrzej T.
Eukaryotes typically have three multi-subunit enzymes that decode the nuclear genome into RNA, namely DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I, II and III. Remarkably, higher plants have five multi-subunit nuclear RNA polymerases: the ubiquitous Pol I, II and III, which are essential for viability, plus two non-essential polymerases, Pol IVa and Pol IVb that specialize in small RNA-mediated gene silencing pathways. RNA-directed DNA methylation of endogenous repetitive elements, silencing of transgenes, regulation of flowering time genes, inducible regulation of adjacent gene pairs, and spreading of mobile silencing signals are examples of phenomena that require Pol IVa and/or Pol IVb. Although biochemical details concerning Pol IV enzymatic activities are lacking, genetic evidence suggests several alternative models for how Pol IV might function.
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