Leaf trichome responses to herbivory in willows:: induction, relaxation and costs
Leaf trichome responses to herbivory in willows:: induction, relaxation and costs
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02442.x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Ahrne, Karin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bjorkman, Christer;Dalin, Peter;Ahrne, Karin
为了避免区分失去光合组织的成本和产生诱导防御的成本这一固有问题，将草食损伤植物的生长反应与相同程度但没有引起防御的机械损伤植物进行比较。通过两个试验，研究了杨柳（Salix cinerea）对成年叶甲虫（Phratora vulgatissima）危害的反应。在第一个实验中，柳树在受损后10-20 d长出新叶，叶毛密度增加，与甲虫后代的取食时间一致。损伤后30 ~ 40 d的叶片响应逐渐减弱。在第二个实验中，也包括机械损伤，暴露于甲虫取食的柳树显示出与第一个实验相同幅度的叶片毛状体密度增加（bbb70 %）。生产防御的成本是减少20%的枝长生长和生物量生产。与对照植株相比，机械损伤的柳树枝长减少了8%，即叶面积减少的代价。研究结果是对天然和少量草食（3.3%）诱导的植物防御成本的首次定量估计。
To circumvent the inherent problem of discriminating between the cost of losing photosynthetic tissue and the cost of producing an inducible defence, the growth response of herbivore-damaged plants was compared with plants damaged mechanically to the same extent but without eliciting the defence.Two experiments were conducted, studying the response of willows (Salix cinerea) to damage by adult leaf beetles (Phratora vulgatissima).In the first experiment, willows produced new leaves with an enhanced leaf trichome density 10-20 d after damage, coinciding in time with the feeding of beetle offspring. The response was relaxed in foliage produced 30-40 d after damage. In the second experiment, which also included mechanical damage, willows exposed to beetle feeding showed an increase in leaf trichome density of the same magnitude (> 70%) as in the first experiment. The cost of producing the defence was a 20% reduction in shoot length growth and biomass production. Willows exposed to mechanical damage had an 8% reduction in shoot length growth compared with control plants, that is, a cost of leaf area removal.The results are the first quantitative estimates of the cost of a plant defence induced by natural and low amounts (3.3%) of herbivory.