Early Diagenesis of Organic Matter in Sediments
Early Diagenesis of Organic Matter in Sediments
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沉积物中有机质的早期成岩作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
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通讯作者：
P. L. Parker
中科院分区：
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作者：
S. Macko;M. Engel;P. L. Parker
关于有机物质的历史和来源以及碳、氮向海洋环境和海洋环境内转移的大量信息存在于有机物质的化学和同位素信号中。有机物质的起源和成岩历史可以在整体基础上进行评估，使用碳与氮的摩尔比和稳定同位素组成进行评估，或者在分子水平上使用特征分子或成分变化来指示沉积矿床中发生的主要过程。最近，已经实现了对特定成分的保存的明确识别，并通过化合物本身的同位素特征确定了与形成有机矿床有关的过程。本章力求为这种分子同位素方法在沉积有机质早期成岩作用研究中的应用奠定基础。关于分子碳方法的具体细节，特别是那些与脂类表征有关的方法，在本书的其他章节[见Brassell(第34章)、Hgees和Prahl(第11章)、Meyers和Ishiwatari(第8章)]或与海洋有机地球化学领域有关的更大汇编(Eglinton和Murphy，1969；Duursma和Dawson，1981；Brooks和Welte，1984；Tissot和Welte，1984；Sigleo和Hattori，1985；Sohn，1986)中讨论。
Substantial information regarding the history and source of organic matter and transfer of both carbon nitrogen to and within marine environments lies in the chemical and isotopic signals of organic materials. Origins and diagenetic histories of organic materials can be assessed on a bulk basis, using molar ratios of carbon to nitrogen and stable isotope compositions, or on a molecular level, using characteristic molecules or compositional changes to indicate the major processes occurring in the sedimentary deposit. More recently, clear identification of the preservation of particular components has been achieved, and the processes involved with the formation of an organic deposit have been established through the isotopic characterization of the compounds themselves. This chapter endeavors to lay a foundation for such molecular isotopic approaches in studies of the early diagenesis of sedimentary organic material. Specific details on molecular carbon approaches, especially those having to do with lipid characterization, are discussed in other chapters of this book [see chapters by Brassell (Chapter 34), Hedges and Prahl (Chapter 11), and Meyers and Ishiwatari (Chapter 8)] or larger compilations related to the field of marine organic geochemistry (Eglinton and Murphy, 1969; Duursma and Dawson, 1981; Brooks and Welte, 1984; Tissot and Welte, 1984; Sigleo and Hattori, 1985; Sohn, 1986).