Association between daily physical activity and neighborhood environments
Association between daily physical activity and neighborhood environments
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DOI：
10.1007/s12199-009-0081-1
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Akabayashi, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kondo, Kanae;Lee, Jung Su;Akabayashi, Akira
以往关于身体活动（PA）与社区环境（NE）之间关系的研究主要集中在客观测量NE或居民对NE的感知上。在这里，我们调查的实际或感知NE是与居民的PA在日本。两个地区的客观评估高和低的住宅密度，土地利用的混合多样性，街道连通性，分别确定在一个城市。在每个地区按性别和年龄采用分层随机抽样方法选择受试者。使用地理信息系统（GIS）客观地测量受试者的NE，并使用问卷调查评估受试者对NE的感知。用加速度计测量每天的步行步数，用自行车评估步行和骑自行车的时间。对于女性受试者，主观评估为交通工具的平均骑自行车时间在土地利用类型GIS得分高的组中显著更长，虽然那些知道要去哪里的人在步行总步数上的得分明显更高，对于那些认为附近有邮局、银行/信用社、体育馆/健身设施和娱乐设施的人来说，骑自行车的时间更长。对于男性受试者，休闲步行时间的得分较长的那些谁认为美学和公园的可达性，和总步行步数的得分显着较高的那些谁认为在他们的邻居的书店或租赁音像店的可达性。本研究的结果表明，日常PA高的女性受试者生活在东北与土地利用的混合多样性，他们知道步行的地方和附近日用品的无障碍设施。对于男性受试者，日常PA是高的那些谁认为美学和可访问性的设施，在他们的邻居的乐趣。需要进一步的研究，以确定PA和NE之间的性别差异的基础上的关联。
Previous studies on the association between physical activity (PA) and neighborhood environments (NE) focused on either objectively measuring the NE or the residents' perception of NE. Here, we investigate which actual or perceived NE is associated with residents' PA in Japan.Two regions with an objectively assessed high and low residential density, land use mix-diversity, and street connectivity, respectively, were identified in one city. The subjects were selected using a stratified random sampling method by sex and age in each region. The NE of the subjects was objectively measured using the Geographic Information System (GIS), and the subjects' perception of the NE was assessed using a questionnaire. The daily total number of walking steps was measured with an accelerometer, and walking and cycling time were assessed by a questionnaire.For the female subjects, the mean cycling time, subjectively assessed as a means of transport, was significantly longer in the group with a high GIS score for the number of land use types, while the score for total number of walking steps was significantly higher among those who were aware of places to walk to, and cycling time for transport was longer for those who perceived an accessibility to post offices, banks/credit unions, gymnasiums/fitness facilities, and amusement facilities in their neighborhood. For the male subjects, the score for walking time for leisure was longer for those who perceived aesthetics and an accessibility to parks, and the score for total walking steps was significantly higher for those who perceived an accessibility to bookstores or rental video stores in their neighborhood.The results to this study demonstrate that daily PA was high among female subjects living in a NE with land use mix-diversity, and who had an awareness of places to walk to and the accessibility to facilities for daily necessities in their neighborhood. For male subjects, daily PA was high among those who perceived the aesthetics of and accessibility to facilities for pleasure in their neighborhood. Further research is needed to determine the association between PA and NE on the basis of sex differences.