The Relevance of Sex Differences in Performance Fatigability.
The Relevance of Sex Differences in Performance Fatigability.
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000000928
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hunter SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunter SK
对于一系列疲劳任务，男性和女性的表现疲劳程度有所不同。女性通常比男性不易疲劳，这最广泛地描述为等长疲劳收缩和一些动态任务。易疲劳性的性别差异是特定于任务要求的，因此一种机制并不具有普遍性，包括骨骼肌生理学、肌肉灌注和自主激活方面的任何性别差异。然而，关于易疲劳性的性别差异的任务依赖性、所涉及的机制以及与临床人群和高龄的相关性，还存在很大的知识差距。知识差距的部分原因是，尽管过去 20 年女性参与研究的人数逐渐增加，但参与绩效疲劳研究的女性人数仍显着不足。因此，本综述1）为关于表现疲劳性性别差异的有限知识提供了理由，2）总结了当前关于疲劳性性别差异的知识以及一系列任务中的潜在机制，3）强调了临床人群中的新兴机会领域，4）提出了缩小知识差距和理解表现疲劳性性别差异相关性的策略。对健康和临床人群疲劳性性别差异的了解有限，这表明这是一个充满机会进行高影响力研究的领域。此类研究将揭示男性和女性在运动、人体工学任务和日常活动中的局限性。由于疲劳性是有效的神经肌肉适应所必需的，因此疲劳性研究中的性别差异也将为男性和女性的训练和康复的最佳策略提供信息。
Performance fatigability differs between men and women for a range of fatiguing tasks. Women are usually less fatigable than men and this is most widely described for isometric fatiguing contractions, and some dynamic tasks. The sex difference in fatigability is specific to the task demands so that one mechanism is not universal, including any sex differences in skeletal muscle physiology, muscle perfusion and voluntary activation. However, there are substantial knowledge gaps about the task dependency of the sex differences in fatigability, the involved mechanisms and the relevance to clinical populations and with advanced age. The knowledge gaps are in part due to the significant deficits in the number of women included in performance fatigability studies despite a gradual increase in the inclusion of women over the last 20 years. Therefore, this review 1) provides a rationale for the limited knowledge about sex differences in performance fatigability, 2) summarizes the current knowledge on sex differences in fatigability and the potential mechanisms across a range of tasks, 3) highlights emerging areas of opportunity in clinical populations, and 4) suggests strategies to close the knowledge gap and understanding the relevance of sex differences in performance fatigability. The limited understanding about sex differences in fatigability in healthy and clinical populations, presents as a field ripe with opportunity for high impact studies. Such studies will inform on the limitations of men and women during athletic endeavors, ergonomic tasks and daily activities. Because fatigability is required for effective neuromuscular adaptation, sex differences in fatigability studies will also inform on optimal strategies for training and rehabilitation in both men and women.