Using high-throughput sequencing to investigate summer truffle consumption by chipmunks in relation to retention forestry
Using high-throughput sequencing to investigate summer truffle consumption by chipmunks in relation to retention forestry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121460
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发表时间：
2023-10-02
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Roloff，Gary J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sultaire，Sean M.;Benucci，Gian Maria Niccolo;Roloff，Gary J.
为获取木材而对森林进行的密集管理改变了森林的生物多样性，影响到动植物群落以及细菌和真菌等微生物的组成。外生菌根真菌（EMF）与树木形成互惠互利的关系，但有证据表明，丰富度和多样性的EMF下集约化森林管理下降。一些电磁场的传播，包括块菌的传播，依赖于小型哺乳动物食用它们的子实体并通过粪便传播孢子。为了更好地了解这种生态系统服务的集约化管理的森林内的供应，我们应用高通量，DNA扩增子测序粪便收集汤森的花栗鼠（Neotamias townsendii）居住保留补丁最近皆伐针叶林。在两个夏天，我们收集了165花栗鼠粪便样品从43个皆伐针叶林站在太平洋西北部（美国）。我们鉴定了81种块菌，代表16个科，其中包括许多稀有和不常见的类群。保留补丁大小从9到222棵树（0.002-0.83公顷），但我们没有检测到保留补丁的大小对花栗鼠粪便样本中松露的丰富性的影响。然而，块菌丰富度略高，从花栗鼠保留补丁收集的粪便样本相比，在相邻的皆伐地采样的个人。此外，在花栗鼠粪便中的某些块菌物种的丰度变化有关保留补丁的大小和位置（河岸或高地），这表明保留林业的做法可能会影响块菌群落的组成。在整个采样季节，我们检测到松露物种丰富度下降了44%，丰度显著减少（即，序列读数）用于> 50%的普通块菌分类群。我们的应用程序的高通量测序粪便有效地捕捉到了花栗鼠的松露品种消费的变化。我们的研究结果证实，常见的小型哺乳动物在电磁场在最近采伐的森林（自收获以来<8年）的传播中发挥了重要作用，并表明保留相对较小的（10棵树）绿树斑块可能会通过提供小型哺乳动物栖息地来促进松露的传播。
Intensive management of forests for wood modifies forest biodiversity, affecting the composition of plant and animal communities as well as microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) form mutualistic relationships with trees, but there is evidence that the abundance and diversity of EMF declines under intensive forest management. The dispersal of some EMF, including that of truffles, depends on small mammals consuming their fruiting bodies and dispersing spores through feces. To better understand provisioning of this ecosystem service within intensively managed forests, we applied high-throughput, DNA amplicon sequencing to scat collected from Townsend’s chipmunks (Neotamias townsendii) inhabiting retention patches in recently clearcut-conifer stands. Across two summers, we collected 165 chipmunk scat samples from 43 clearcut-conifer stands in the Pacific Northwest (USA). We identified 81 truffle species representing 16 families, which included many rare and uncommon taxa. Retention patch sizes varied from 9 to 222 trees (0.002–0.83 ha) but we did not detect an effect of retention patch size on the richness of truffles in chipmunk scat samples. However, truffle richness was slightly higher in scat samples collected from chipmunks in retention patches compared to individuals sampled in adjacent clearcuts. Furthermore, the abundance of certain truffle species in chipmunk scat varied in relation to retention patch size and location (riparian or upland), suggesting retention forestry practices may influence truffle community composition. Throughout the sampling season, we detected a 44% decline in truffle species richness and a significant reduction in abundance (i.e., sequence reads) for > 50% of common truffle taxa. Our application of high-throughput sequencing of scat effectively captured variation in truffle species consumption by chipmunks. Our results confirm that common small mammals play an important role in the dispersal of EMF across recently logged forests (<8 years since harvest) and indicate that retaining relatively small (∼10 tree) green-tree patches may promote truffle dispersal by providing small mammal habitat.