Sulphur monoxide emission tracing an embedded planet in the HD 100546 protoplanetary disk
Sulphur monoxide emission tracing an embedded planet in the HD 100546 protoplanetary disk
复制标题
一氧化硫排放追踪 HD 100546 原行星盘中嵌入的行星
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202244472
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Booth A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Booth A
分子线观测是恒星、圆盘和行星形成的不同演化阶段的物理和化学条件的强大追踪器。阿塔卡马大毫米阵列(ALMA)的高角度分辨率和前所未有的灵敏度使电流推进器能够探测到原行星盘中的小规模气体结构，这些结构可以直接归因于行星的形成。我们报道了高角度分辨率的ALMA波段7观测到的围绕赫比格恒星HD 100546附近的行星盘中的一氧化硫(SO)。因此，在进化的原行星盘中很少被检测到，但在其他环境中，它最常被用作激波的追踪器。HD 100546盘的SO发射主要来自≈20 Au毫米尘埃空腔内的气体，并且显示出明显的2倍的方位向亮度不对称性。此外，当这些新的周期7数据与相同SO跃迁的周期0数据相比较时，线轮廓形状的差异是显著的。我们讨论了可能导致这种不对称性和时间变异性的不同物理和化学机制，包括圆盘风、圆盘翘曲和由(形成)行星引发的冲击。我们认为，由于一颗巨行星的存在，空腔中的SO被增强了。这种不对称性补充了巨大行星HD 100546 c周围存在热的环行行星物质的证据，这种物质是通过CO旋转振动发射来追踪的。这项工作为进一步的观测和建模工作奠定了基础，以探测和了解正在形成的行星在其母盘上的化学印记。
Molecular line observations are powerful tracers of the physical and chemical conditions across the different evolutionary stages of star, disk, and planet formation. The high angular resolution and unprecedented sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) enables the current drive to detect small-scale gas structures in protoplanetary disks that can be attributed directly to forming planets. We report high angular resolution ALMA Band 7 observations of sulphur monoxide (SO) in the nearby planet-hosting disk around the Herbig star HD 100546. SO is rarely detected in evolved protoplanetary disks, but in other environments, it is most often used as a tracer of shocks. The SO emission from the HD 100546 disk primarily originates from gas within the ≈20 au millimeter-dust cavity and shows a clear azimuthal brightness asymmetry of a factor of 2. In addition, the difference in the line profile shape is significant when these new Cycle 7 data are compared to Cycle 0 data of the same SO transitions. We discuss the different physical and chemical mechanisms that might cause this asymmetry and time variability, including disk winds, disk warps, and a shock triggered by a (forming) planet. We propose that SO is enhanced in the cavity by the presence of a giant planet. The SO asymmetry complements evidence for hot circumplanetary material around giant planet HD 100546 c that is traced via CO ro-vibrational emission. This work sets the stage for further observational and modelling efforts to detect and understand the chemical imprint of a forming planet on its parent disk.