Optimizing upper-room UVGI systems for infection risk and energy
Optimizing upper-room UVGI systems for infection risk and energy
复制标题
优化上层房间 UVGI 系统的感染风险和能量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Gilkeson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Noakes;Mair Khan;C. Gilkeson
紫外线-C辐射在灭活空气中的病原体方面的有效性已得到充分证明，该技术已被提倡用于控制结核病等一些呼吸道疾病。UV-C空气消毒也通常被推广为与增加通风相比降低感染风险的节能方式。然而，确定如何以及在何处应用UVGI设备以获得最大益处仍然知之甚少。本文重点介绍了上层房间UVGI系统，其中微生物灭活是通过污染的室内空气通过一个开放的紫外线领域以上的居住者的头部。开发多区域模型以评估UVGI安装在一系列相互连接的空间（如医院病房）上的潜在影响;这可能包括一个或多个患者的房间，这些房间都连接到一个公共区域，该区域可以是走廊或可以作为公共空间，例如护士站。模拟剂量耦合通风，空气混合和上层区平均场，探讨影响设备覆盖的因素。将紫外线灭活的一阶衰减模型与室内空气模型耦合，模拟不同混合和紫外线场条件下的病房和全病房水平消毒。量子浓度的稳态计算应用于Wells-Riley方程来预测可能的感染率。模拟一个假设的病房证明了不同的系统选项的易感患者与传染源共处一室或在附近的房间的相对好处。在每种情况下，还计算了能源需求，并将其与通过改善通风实现相同风险水平进行了比较。实验技术的设计应用于采样的设计空间，并探索最有效的系统设计为一个给定的场景。设备被认为是最有效的地方，他们位于靠近传染源。然而，研究结果表明，当传染源的位置是未知的，定位设备在病房可能比安装在连接走廊或公共区域更有效。
The effectiveness of UV-C irradiation at inactivating airborne pathogens is well proven, and the technology is already advocated for control of some respiratory diseases such as Tuberculosis. UV-C air disinfection is also commonly promoted as an energy efficient way of reducing infection risk in comparison to increasing ventilation. However determining how and where to apply UVGI devices for the greatest benefit is still poorly understood. This paper focuses on upper-room UVGI systems, where microorganism inactivation is accomplished by passing contaminated room air through an open UV field above the heads of occupants. Multi-zone models are developed to assess the potential impact of a UVGI installation across a series of inter-connected spaces such as a hospital ward; this may comprise rooms for one or more patients that are all connected to a common zone that may be a corridor or may act as a communal space, housing fore xample the nurses station. Simulation of dose couples the ventilation, air mixing and upper-zone average field to explore factors influencing device coverage. A first-order decay model of UV inactivation is coupled with the room air model to simulate patient room and whole-ward level disinfection under different mixing and UV field conditions. Steady-state computation of quanta concentrations are applied to the Wells-Riley equation to predict likely infection rates. Simulation of a hypothetical ward demonstrates the relative benefits of different system options for susceptible patients co-located with an infectious source or in nearby rooms. In each case energy requirements are also calculated and compared to achieving the same level of risk through improved ventilation. A design of experiment technique is applied to sample the design space and explore the most effective system design for a given scenario. Devices are seen to be most effective where they are located close to the infectious source. However, results show that when the location of the infectious source is not known,locating devices in patient rooms is likely to be more effective than installing them in connecting corridor or communal zones.