Chemosensory context effects: Role of perceived similarity and neural commonality
Chemosensory context effects: Role of perceived similarity and neural commonality
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/25.6.747
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Marks, LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rankin, KM;Marks, LE
七个实验研究了刺激背景如何影响对化学感觉刺激强度的判断，在每个实验中，受试者对两种物质的几种浓度的强度进行了强度估计，其中背景浓度组在实验条件下各不相同。不同的实验使用不同的物质对，其可以是啜吸的促味剂（蔗糖或NaCl）、啜吸的气味剂（橙子或香草醛）（即鼻后呈现）或嗅闻的相同气味剂（即鼻前呈现）。当两种物质的成分不同（蔗糖和氯化钠;蔗糖和橙子;蔗糖和香草醛）时，不同的刺激背景会影响不同的判断，但当它们相同时（香草醛或橙子经口和经鼻呈现）。在一个单独的实验中获得的相同对物质的定性相似性的判断，未能准确地预测模式的差异背景效应。两者合计，结果表明，上下文的差异效应仅间接涉及到知觉相异本身，但可能主要反映了刺激特定的适应性过程的结果。
Seven experiments investigated how stimulus context affects judgements of the magnitude of chemosensory stimuli, in each experiment, subjects gave magnitude estimates of the intensity of several concentrations of two substances, with the contextual set of concentrations varying across experimental conditions. Different experiments used different pairs of substances, which could be tastants (sucrose or NaCl) that were sipped, odorants (orange or vanillin) that were sipped (i.e. presented retronasally) or the same odorants sniffed (i.e. presented orthonasally). Varying the stimulus context affected the judgements differentially when the two substances were compositionally different (sucrose and NaCl; sucrose and orange; sucrose and vanillin) but not when they were the same (vanillin or orange presented orally and nasally). Judgements of qualitative similarity of the same pairs of substances, obtained in a separate experiment, failed to predict accurately the pattern of differential context effects. Taken together, the results suggest that differential effects of context relate only indirectly to perceptual dissimilarity per se but may primarily reflect the result of stimulus-specific adaptation-like processes.