THE REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE OF THE QUEENLESS ANT PRISTO MYRMEX-PUNGENS
THE REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE OF THE QUEENLESS ANT PRISTO MYRMEX-PUNGENS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02223694
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
CROZIER, RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ITOW, T;KOBAYASHI, K;CROZIER, RH
研究了毒蚁P. pungens的生命周期。蜂群通常由几千只小工蜂组成，虽然在6月和7月偶尔会出现几只雄蜂（2-3%）在成熟的蜂群中出现，但具有卵母细胞和流产精子的大型工蜂（这里称为卵母蜂）极为罕见。原始的小工蜂可以产卵，这些卵会进一步发育成小工蜂。脑神经节细胞和卵母细胞的染色体数目为二倍体（2n = 24），但在罕见雄性的粗线卵母细胞和精母细胞中观察到单倍体数目（n = 12）。雄性有功能正常的交配器官，它们的精子发生正常，但它们可能不会交配，因为小工蜂没有精囊，它们的交配器官也退化了。pungens的繁殖主要或全部由小工蜂进行，因此是单胞生殖。本文讨论了双歧杆菌生命周期的进化，指出了将蚁后概念应用于该物种甚至确定其是否为群居的困难。鉴于群体之间明显的遗传隔离，在这种情况下维持社会性的选择模式可能是种间群体选择而不是亲缘选择。
The life cycle of the myrmicine ant P. pungens was investigated. Colonies of this species are usually composed of several thousand small workers, although a few males (2-3%) occasionally appear during June and July in mature colonies and large workers with ocelli and abortive spermathecae (here termed ergatoid queens) were extremely rare. The virgin small workers can lay eggs and these develop into further small workers. Cerebral ganglion cells and oogonial cells had the diploid chromosome number (2n = 24), but the haploid number (n = 12) was oberved in oocytes at pachytene and in spermatocytes from the rare males. Males have functionally normal copulatory organs and their spermatogenesis is normal, but they probably do not mate, because small workers have no spermatheca and their copulatory organs are degenerative. Reproduction in P. pungens is carried out predominantly or wholly by the small workers and hence is thelytokous. The evolution of the P. pungens life cycle is discussed pointing out the difficulty of applying the queen concept to this species or even in deciding whether or not it is eusocial. In view of the apparent genetic isolation between colonies, the mode of selection maintaining sociality in this case is probably interdemic group selection rather than kin selection.