Toxic and essential elements in placentas of Swedish women
Toxic and essential elements in placentas of Swedish women
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DOI：
10.1016/s0009-9120(00)00052-7
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Vahter, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Osman, K;Åkesson, A;Vahter, M
目的：评估母体-胎儿关系中有毒元素和必需元素之间的相互作用以及胎盘和脐带血中微量元素浓度的可能预测因素。对一组106名瑞典妇女进行了镉、铅和胎盘中几种必需元素以及镉、铅、锌、孕36周静脉血和脐带血中硒的含量。结果：孕妇胎盘中镉含量范围为10 ~ 170 nmol/kg，中位数（Md）为46 nmol/kg。脐血镉含量（Md为0.19nmol/L）仅为母血的10%左右。吸烟者血液（p < 0.001）和胎盘（p = 0.001）中的镉浓度显著高于非吸烟者。胎盘铅浓度中位数为26 nmol/kg（范围0-630 nmol/kg）。脐血铅水平（Rnd为54 nmol/L）与母血铅水平基本一致。脐带血铅与儿童的体重、身长和头围之间存在显著的负相关。胎盘水平（中位数和幅度）（μ mol/kg）分别为160（120-280）、2.4（2.0-3.3）、铜15（10-20）、钴0.084（0.02-0.32）、钼0.055（0.03-0.12）和锰1.2（0.65-5.1）。胎盘中的几种必需元素之间存在着显著的相关性。与未生育母亲相比，经产母亲血清中锌（p = 0.002）和硒（p = 0.049）以及胎盘中锌（p = 0.001）和钙（p = 0.004）的浓度显著降低。此外，脐带血锌降低parity.Conclusions：结果表明，铅，而不是镉容易通过胎盘屏障。镉对锌的营养状况无不良影响。另一方面，脐带血铅是儿童出生体重、身长和头围的负面预测因素，表明即使在非常低的接触水平下，铅也可能对儿童的生长产生负面影响。随着产次的增加，母体储存的必需元素逐渐耗尽。版权所有（C）2000加拿大临床化学家协会。
Objectives: To evaluate interactions between toxic and essential elements in the mother-fetus relationship and possible predictors of trace element concentrations in placenta and cord blood.Design and methods: A group of 106 Swedish women was investigated for concentrations of cadmium, lead, and several essential elements in placenta as well as cadmium, lead, zinc, and selenium in venous blood collected at gestational week (gw) 36 and umbilical cord blood. Relations between these elements and maternal and child's characteristics were examined.Results: The concentrations of cadmium in placenta ranged from 10 to 170 nmol/kg, with the median value (Md) being 46 nmol/kg. Cord blood cadmium (Md of 0.19 nmol/L) was only about 10% of that in maternal blood. Smokers had significantly higher cadmium concentrations in blood (p < 0.001) and placenta (p = 0.001) than non-smokers. The median placental concentration of lead was 26 nmol/kg (range 0-630 nmol/kg). The lead levels in cord blood (Rnd of 54 nmol/L) were almost the same as in maternal blood. Statistically significant negative associations were found between cord blood lead, on one hand, and child's weight, length, and head circumference, on the other. The placental levels (medians and ranges) of the essential elements (mu mol/kg) were 160 (120-280) for zinc, 2.4 (2.0-3.3) for selenium, 15 (10-20) for copper, 0.084 (0.02-0.32) for cobalt, 0.055 (0.03-0.12) for molybdenum, and 1.2 (0.65-5.1) for manganese, respectively. Several of the essential elements in placenta correlated significantly with each other. Multiparous mothers had significantly lower concentrations of zinc (p = 0.002) and selenium (p = 0.049) in serum as well as zinc lo = 0.001) and calcium (p = 0.004) in placenta than nulliparous ones. Also, cord blood zinc decreased with parity.Conclusions: The results showed that lead, but not cadmium crossed easily the placental barrier. There were no negative effects of cadmium on the zinc status. Cord blood lead, on the other hand, was a negative predictor of child's birth weight, length and head circumference, indicating that lead might have negative influence on growth in children even at very low exposure levels. There was a depletion of maternal stores of essential elements with increasing parity. Copyright (C) 2000 The Canabian Society of Clinical chemists.