Defoliation effects on the ectomycorrhizal community of a mixed Pinus contorta/Picea engelmannii stand in Yellowstone Park
Defoliation effects on the ectomycorrhizal community of a mixed Pinus contorta/Picea engelmannii stand in Yellowstone Park
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DOI：
10.1007/s004420000610
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Makhija, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cullings, KW;Vogler, DR;Makhija, S
分子遗传学方法被用来确定人工落叶是否影响外生菌根（EM）的殖民化，EM真菌物种丰富度，和物种组成的混合松扭叶松（lodgepole松）/云杉engelmannii（Engelmann云杉）在黄石国家公园，怀俄明州森林。三个重复样地中的所有黑松落叶50%，而Engelmann云杉不处理。这样做是为了确定如何落叶的针叶树种会影响EM互惠的治疗和邻近的，未经处理的针叶树。结果表明，无论是EM殖民（142.0 EM尖端/核心的控制地块和142.4在治疗地块）或物种丰富度（5.0种/核心的控制和4.5在治疗）没有显着的影响。然而，两个树种的EM的相对丰度从约6：1的比例没有治疗（lodgepole EM：云杉EM），近1：1的比例治疗后。这种转变可能是负责维持总EM殖民化和物种丰富度后落叶。此外，EM物种组成发生显着变化后落叶;系统占主导地位，Inocybe种，是罕见的落叶情节，而Agaricoid和Suilloid种，是罕见的控制占主导地位的治疗。此外，与黑松和Engelmann云杉相关的EM真菌的种类受到影响，这表明改变一个物种的光合能力可以影响相邻的非落叶树木的菌根协会。
Molecular genetic methods were used to determine whether artificial defoliation affects ectomycorrhizal (EM) colonization, EM fungal species richness, and species composition in a mixed Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine)/Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce) forest in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. All lodgepole pines in three replicate plots were defoliated 50%, while Engelmann spruce were left untreated. This was done to determine how defoliation of one conifer species would affect EM mutualisms of both treated and neighboring, untreated conifers. The results indicated no significant effect on either EM colonization (142.0 EM tips/core in control plots and 142.4 in treatment plots) or species richness (5.0 species/core in controls and 4.5 in treatments). However, the relative abundance of EM of the two tree species shifted from a ratio of approximately 6:1 without treatment (lodgepole EM:spruce EM), to a near 1:1 ratio post-treatment. This shift may be responsible for maintaining total EM colonization and species richness following defoliation. In addition, EM species composition changed significantly post-defoliation; the system dominant, an Inocybe species, was rare in defoliation plots, while Agaricoid and Suilloid species that were rare in controls were dominant in treatments. Furthermore, species of EM fungi associating with both lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce were affected, which indicates that changing the photosynthetic capacity of one species can affect mycorrhizal associations of neighboring non-defoliated trees.