Yellow Rust Epidemics Worldwide Were Caused by Pathogen Races from Divergent Genetic Lineages.
Yellow Rust Epidemics Worldwide Were Caused by Pathogen Races from Divergent Genetic Lineages.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2017.01057
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Hovmøller MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali S;Rodriguez-Algaba J;Thach T;Sørensen CK;Hansen JG;Lassen P;Nazari K;Hodson DP;Justesen AF;Hovmøller MS
我们调查了最近世界范围内的小麦黄锈病流行是由少数克隆系的小种还是由不同小种的群体驱动的。2009-2015年期间，对35个国家取样的887株具有遗传多样性的纹状锈菌分离株进行的种型分析显示，这些流行往往是由少数但高度分化的遗传谱系的种驱动的。PstS1在北美占优势；西亚和北非的PstS2；以及东非的pst1和pst2。PstS4在北欧小黑麦上流行；PstS5和PstS9在中亚地区普遍存在；而PstS6在东非流行。PstS7、PstS8和PstS10代表了欧洲普遍存在的三种遗传谱系。来自其他血统的种族处于低频率。对Yr9和Yr27的毒力在非洲和亚洲流行中很常见，而对Yr17和Yr32的毒力在欧洲流行，这与广泛部署的抗性基因相对应。在南亚人群中观察到最高的多样性，在那里频繁的重组已被报道，并且没有特定的种族在该地区占主导地位。结果讨论了在塑造跨地理区域的病原体种群入侵的作用。研究结果强调，具有高流行潜力的新品种的出现缺乏可预测性，这强调需要对全球粮食作物的种群生物学和病原体监测活动进行额外投资，并在大规模部署寄主品种之前评估寄主品种的疾病易感性。
We investigated whether the recent worldwide epidemics of wheat yellow rust were driven by races of few clonal lineage(s) or populations of divergent races. Race phenotyping of 887 genetically diverse Puccinia striiformis isolates sampled in 35 countries during 2009–2015 revealed that these epidemics were often driven by races from few but highly divergent genetic lineages. PstS1 was predominant in North America; PstS2 in West Asia and North Africa; and both PstS1 and PstS2 in East Africa. PstS4 was prevalent in Northern Europe on triticale; PstS5 and PstS9 were prevalent in Central Asia; whereas PstS6 was prevalent in epidemics in East Africa. PstS7, PstS8 and PstS10 represented three genetic lineages prevalent in Europe. Races from other lineages were in low frequencies. Virulence to Yr9 and Yr27 was common in epidemics in Africa and Asia, while virulence to Yr17 and Yr32 were prevalent in Europe, corresponding to widely deployed resistance genes. The highest diversity was observed in South Asian populations, where frequent recombination has been reported, and no particular race was predominant in this area. The results are discussed in light of the role of invasions in shaping pathogen population across geographical regions. The results emphasized the lack of predictability of emergence of new races with high epidemic potential, which stresses the need for additional investments in population biology and surveillance activities of pathogens on global food crops, and assessments of disease vulnerability of host varieties prior to their deployment at larger scales.