Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) as Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) as Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a028977
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bettelli, Estelle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glatigny, Simon;Bettelli, Estelle
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的多灶性脱髓鞘疾病，导致轴突周围髓鞘的进行性破坏。它可以呈现出不同的临床和病理表现，这可能反映了不同的致病过程的参与。尽管导致该疾病发展的机制尚未完全了解，但大量证据表明MS是一种自身免疫性疾病，其起始和进展依赖于针对髓磷脂抗原的自身免疫应答。此外，遗传易感性和环境触发因素可能有助于疾病的发生。目前，MS还没有治愈方法，但有几种疾病修饰疗法（DMT）可用于控制和减缓疾病进展。大量的这些DMT被鉴定并使用称为实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）的MS动物模型进行测试。在本文中，我们将概述EAE模型的特点，并讨论它们如何有助于阐明MS的发病机制，并有助于测试MS患者的新治疗方法。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifocal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to the progressive destruction of the myelin sheath surrounding axons. It can present with variable clinical and pathological manifestations, which might reflect the involvement of distinct pathogenic processes. Although the mechanisms leading to the development of the disease are not fully understood, numerous evidences indicate that MS is an autoimmune disease, the initiation and progression of which are dependent on an autoimmune response against myelin antigens. In addition, genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers likely contribute to the initiation of the disease. At this time, there is no cure for MS, but several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are available to control and slow down disease progression. A good number of these DMTs were identified and tested using animal models of MS referred to as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this review, we will recapitulate the characteristics of EAE models and discuss how they help shed light on MS pathogenesis and help test new treatments for MS patients.