Heredity Produced: At the Crossroads of Biology, Politics and Culture 1500–1870
Heredity Produced: At the Crossroads of Biology, Politics and Culture 1500–1870
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遗传的产生：1500-1870 年生物学、政治和文化的十字路口
DOI：
10.1080/00033790902898342
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
P. Mazumdar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Mazumdar
“本书中收集的文章反映了自 2001 年以来在柏林马克斯·普朗克科学史研究所以“遗传的文化史”为标题开展的长期合作研究项目第一阶段所讨论的问题和取得的结果。因此，两位编辑介绍了他们收集的 19 位作者的 19 篇论文。 Hans-Jörg Rheinberger 是该研究所所长，也是 Epistemologie des Konkreten (2006) 的作者； Staffan Müller-Wille 是埃克塞特大学社会基因组学研究中心的研究员，也是有关林奈的植物学与世界观 (Botanik und weltweiter Handel) (1999) 的作者。他们拥有最好的资历。他们的主题是继承的法律概念的错位，涉及财产的传承，隐喻父母和孩子之间的生物相似性（遗传）。令我们惊讶的是，它们向我们展示了这种熟悉的用法*现在如此完全具体化，以至于它甚至不是一个隐喻*，只是在十九世纪初才开始。在传统生理学中，不存在从父母到孩子的实际传递过程。受孕时和子宫内的条件*体液平衡、营养、母性想象力、星体影响*都定义了新个体。体液论不需要遗传：非自然人做了所有必要的事情，让孩子看起来像父母。人们只要想到空气水域和地方的希波克拉底医生（尽管他们没有借鉴这个例子），当他走到一个新的、陌生的城市时，他可以通过风向和水的质量推断出整个人口的性质，无论男女，以及他们流行的疾病。 1
‘The essays assembled in this book reflect both the problems discussed and the results obtained during the first phase of a long-term collaborative research project carried out at the Max-Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin since 2001 under the heading of ‘‘A Cultural History of Heredity’’’. Thus, the two editors introduce their collection of 19 papers by 19 authors. Hans-Jörg Rheinberger is Director of the Institute, and author of Epistemologie des Konkreten (2006); Staffan Müller-Wille is a fellow of the Research Centre for Genomics in Society at Exeter University, and author of Botanik und weltweiter Handel (1999), on Linnaeus. They come with the best credentials.Their theme is the dislocation of the legal concept of inheritance, concerned with the passing on of property, to a metaphor for the biological resemblance between parents and children (hereditary). They show us to our surprise that this familiar usage* so utterly reified now that it is not even a metaphor* only started in the early nineteenth century. In traditional physiology there had been no sense of a process of actual transmission from parents to children. Conditions at conception and in the womb* humoral balance, nutrition, maternal imagination, astral influence* all defined the new individual. Humoralism needed no inheritance: the non-naturals did all that was necessary for a child to look like its parents. One has only to think of the travelling Hippocratic physician of Airs Waters and Places (an exemplum which they do not draw on, though) who on walking up to a new and unfamiliar city, could deduce the nature of an entire population both male and female and their prevailing diseases, by the direction of the winds to which it was exposed and the qualities of its waters. 1