Titling indigenous communities protects forests in the Peruvian Amazon
Titling indigenous communities protects forests in the Peruvian Amazon
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1603290114
复制
发表时间：
2017-04-18
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Asner, Gregory P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackman, Allen;Corral, Leonardo;Asner, Gregory P.
发展中国家通过给予土著群体和其他地方社区正式的合法土地所有权，日益下放森林管理权力。然而，封地对森林覆盖的影响尚不清楚。对所有权运动的严格分析很少，相关的理论和实证研究表明，它们要么可以阻止森林破坏，要么可以刺激森林破坏。我们分析了秘鲁亚马逊地区的这一运动，自20世纪70年代中期以来，该地区有1200多个土著社区拥有约1100万公顷的土地。我们利用来自高分辨率卫星图像的社区水平纵向数据来估计2002 - 2005年期间封地对同期森林砍伐和干扰的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在授予头衔的年份和之后一年的2年窗口中，头衔减少了四分之三以上的砍伐，森林干扰减少了大约三分之二。这些结果表明，向当地社区授予正式的土地所有权可以促进森林保护。
Developing countries are increasingly decentralizing forest governance by granting indigenous groups and other local communities formal legal title to land. However, the effects of titling on forest cover are unclear. Rigorous analyses of titling campaigns are rare, and related theoretical and empirical research suggests that they could either stem or spur forest damage. We analyze such a campaign in the Peruvian Amazon, where more than 1,200 indigenous communities comprising some 11 million ha have been titled since the mid-1970s. We use community-level longitudinal data derived from high-resolution satellite images to estimate the effect of titling between 2002 and 2005 on contemporaneous forest clearing and disturbance. Our results indicate that titling reduces clearing by more than three-quarters and forest disturbance by roughly two-thirds in a 2-y window spanning the year title is awarded and the year afterward. These results suggest that awarding formal land titles to local communities can advance forest conservation.