The effect of items in working memory on the deployment of attention and the eyes during visual search
The effect of items in working memory on the deployment of attention and the eyes during visual search
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.32.2.423
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Roelfsema, PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houtkamp, R;Roelfsema, PR
注意一个物体有助于它在工作记忆中的储存。作者调查了相反的情况是否也是如此：工作记忆中的项目是否会影响注意力的部署。当参与者在工作记忆中持有另一个项目时，他们会搜索一个预先指定的目标。在一些试验中，这个记忆项目作为干扰物出现在搜索显示中。如果搜索目标在显示器中，则这样的干扰项对搜索时间没有影响。在这种情况下，工作记忆中的项目不太可能被选为眼球运动的目标，如果眼睛确实落在它上面，固定时间很短。然而，在没有目标的情况下，记忆项目对搜索时间的影响很小，但很重要。作者得出结论，视觉搜索的目标在工作记忆中具有特殊的地位，使其能够引导注意力。工作记忆中的其他项目对注意力的引导要弱得多，只有当、catch目标不在显示中时才能观察到。
Paying attention to an object facilitates its storage in working memory. The authors investigate whether the opposite is also true: whether items in working memory influence the deployment of attention. Participants performed a search for a prespecified target while they held another item in working memory. In some trials this memory item was present in the search display as a distractor. Such a distractor has no effect on search time if the search target is in the display. In that case, the item in working memory is unlikely to be selected as a target for an eye movement, and if the eyes do land on it, fixation duration is short. In the absence of the target, however, there is a small but significant effect of the memory item on search time. The authors conclude that the target for visual search has a special status in working memory that allows it to guide attention. Guidance of attention by other items in working memory is much weaker and can be observed only if the,,,catch target is not present in the display.