Household air pollution as a silent killer: women's status and solid fuel use in developing nations
Household air pollution as a silent killer: women's status and solid fuel use in developing nations
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DOI：
10.1007/s11111-017-0269-z
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mejia, Maria Theresa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Austin, Kelly F.;Mejia, Maria Theresa
家庭空气污染是全球死亡的主要原因，每年有430万人因使用固体燃料而过早死亡（世卫组织，2016年a）。许多研究认为，性别不平等可能极大地影响固体燃料使用的全球分布及其对健康的负面影响。我们使用结构方程模型对91个发展中国家的女性室内空气污染死亡率以及女性与男性室内空气污染死亡率进行了分析。结果表明，妇女的地位是固体燃料使用的一个强有力的预测因素，妇女地位的提高也与女性与男性室内空气污染死亡率的降低直接相关，并通过降低固体燃料依赖性间接与女性死亡率的降低相关。此外，妇女地位还对经济发展等其他一些重要预测因素的影响起中介作用。总的来说，这些结果使人们注意到欠发达国家的“无声杀手”，并表明增强妇女权能是应对这一全球流行病的重要途径。
Household air pollution is a leading cause of death globally, as 4.3 million people die prematurely each year from illness attributable to use of solid fuels (WHO 2016a). Many studies contend that gender inequalities are likely to greatly shape the global distribution of solid fuel use and its negative health consequences. We conduct an analysis of 91 developing nations using structural equation models on the prevalence of female indoor air pollution deaths among women and the ratio of female to male indoor air pollution deaths. The results illustrate that women's status is a robust predictor of solid fuel use, and that improved women's status also correlates directly with lower female to male indoor air pollution deaths ratios and indirectly with reduced female death prevalence through lower solid fuel dependence. Women's status additionally mediates the effects of some other notable predictors, such as economic development. Overall, the results bring attention to a "silent killer" in less-developed nations and illustrate that greater female empowerment is an important avenue in addressing this global pandemic.